What is a leukocyte and what is the function of it? - ANS A white blood cell; primary cell for
specific and nonspecific immune response
From stem cells in bone marrow
Attack and destroy anything foreign
What is the normal range for WBC?
What is the name and range for a WBC below normal?
What is the name and range for a WBC above normal? - ANS Normal number :4,500-10,000
cells/mm3
Leukocytosis - > 10,000 cells/mm3 is a sign of infection- leukocyte numbers increase to fight
infection.
, Leukopenia- decrease in the amount of circulating leukocytes; below 4,500
What is a shift to the left? - ANS Abnormal increase of immature WBCs
Lymphocytes do what? - ANS Derive from the stem cells in the bone marrow; they monitor the
body fro cancerous cells and attempt to destroy them
What are memory cells and their responsibility? - ANS Antibodies that stay inactive for years,
but activate immediately with subsequent exposure; they then proliferate rapidly producing an
intense immune response; responsible for providing acquired immunity (resistance to an antigen
resulting from previous exposure to that antigen).
What are antigens? - ANS They provoke a specific immune response when introduced into the
body; they are large protein molecules; many are proteins found on the cell membrane or cell
wall of microorganisms or tissues (transplanted organs/tissues), incompatible blood, vaccines,
pollen, dander, venom
When an antigen is present in the cell what occurs? - ANS A message is sent to the helper T
CELLS and can/does go either way...
- B Cells which make antibodies
OR
- Killer Cells which directly attack and destroy body cells infected with the antigen
Memory cells deprive from B cells and T cells which remember how to identify the antigen and
will reactivate at a future time if present again
What are antibodies?
(Helper T cells, B cells, Killer T cells, Suppressor T cells) - ANS Helper T cells initiate immune
response
B cells produce antibodies that react to specific antigens. Subsequent encounters with that
antigen trigger memory cells.
Killer T cells destroy body cells infected with the antigen. Also attack malignant cells
Suppressor T cells limit immune response
What are the classes of antibodies called? - ANS Immunoglobulins
IgM: responsible for primary immunity
IgG: major immunoglobulin
IgA: protects the mucous membranes
IgD: role unknown
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LECTDERRICK. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
