Exam (elaborations)
NUR 408 Questions with Correct Answers
- Course
- NURS 408
- Institution
- Maryville College
NUR 408 Questions with Correct Answers
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NUR 408 Questions with Correct Answersdecision making Correct Answer-a complex, cognitive process of
choosing a particular course of action; the thought process of selecting a
logical choice from available options
problem solving Correct Answer-part of decision making; a systematic
process focusing on analyzing a difficult situation involving higher order
reasoning and evaluation
critical thinking Correct Answer-the mental process of actively and
skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and
evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion
clinical reasoning Correct Answer-integrating and applying different
types of knowledge to weigh evidence, critically think about arguments,
and reflect on the process used to arrive at diagnosis
trial and error Correct Answer-A problem-solving strategy that involves
attempting different solutions and eliminating those that do not work.
experiential learning Correct Answer--provides mock life experiences to
learn from
-allows learners to apply leadership and management theory
-promotes whole brain thinking and improved problem-solving skills
,Marquis-Huston Critical Thinking Teaching Model Correct Answer--
comprises four overlapping spheres, each being an essential component
for teaching leadership and management
-the first is a didactic theory component, such as the material that is
presented in each chapter
-second, a formalized approach to problem solving and decision making
must be used
-third, there must be some use of the group process, which can be
accomplished through large and small groups and classroom discussion
-final, the material must be made real for the learner so that the learning
is internalized; this can be accomplished through writing exercises,
personal exploration, and values clarification, along with risk taking, as
case studies are examined
characteristics of a critical thinker Correct Answer--insight
-intuition
-empathy
-willingness to take action
successful decision makers Correct Answer--Self-aware
-Courageous
-Sensitive
-Energetic
-Creative
,recurrent and routine problem solving Correct Answer-using previous
problem solving techniques to solve every day problems
satisficing Correct Answer-Choosing an option that is acceptable,
although not necessarily the best or perfect
Maximizing or Optimal Model Correct Answer-(decision making
model)
Rational process
All options known
Clear preferences
Final choice maximizes outcome
frequent errors made in decision making Correct Answer--no clear
objective or goal for decision
-faulty data gathering (was this poor decision made because necessary
information was intentionally or unintentionally withheld from you?)
-failure to use science, logic, and empirical evidence in making
decisions
-not considering enough alternatives
-faulty logic or "crooked thinking"
-not assessing or ignoring the quality of the decision making that is
required
-lack of self-awareness
-too much time spent identifying the problem
, -refusal to act
-using outcome only for evaluation
-it is not enough to gather adequate information, think logically, select
from among many alternatives, and be aware of the influence of one's
values. In the final analysis, one must act
questions that should be asked in data gathering Correct Answer--what
is the setting?
-what is the problem?
-where is it a problem?
-when is it a problem?
-who is affected by the problem?
-what is happening?
-why is it happening? what are the causes of the problem? can I
prioritize the causes?
-what are the basic underlying issues? areas of conflict?
-what are the consequences of the problem? which of these are most
serious?
decision-making variables Correct Answer--new research suggests that
gender also plays a role in how individuals make decisions
-values
-life experience
-individual preference
-brain hemisphere dominance and thinking styles
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