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CNUR 202 Pharmacology Exam Questions with All Correct Answers

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CNUR 202 Pharmacology Exam Questions with All Correct Answers Mechanism of Action for Thrombolytic Drugs - Answer- activiate the fibrinolytic system to break down a clot in the blood vessel quickly, activate plasminogen and convert it to plasmin which can digest fibrin, re-establish blood flow to...

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  • October 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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CNUR 202 Pharmacology Exam
Questions with All Correct
Answers
Mechanism of Action for Thrombolytic Drugs - Answer- activiate the fibrinolytic system
to break down a clot in the blood vessel quickly, activate plasminogen and convert it to
plasmin which can digest fibrin, re-establish blood flow to the area that was being
blocked by the clot

Thrombolytic Dug Side Effects - Answer- superficial bleeding, nausea, vomiting,
hypotension, internal or intracranial bleeding, cardiac dysrhythmias, anaphylaxis

Nursing Implications for Thrombolytic Drugs - Answer- follow strict manufacturer's
guidelines for preparation and administration, minitor IV sites for bleeding, redness,
pain, observe signs of internal bleeding

Anticoagulation modifier Drug Nursing Implications - Answer- monitor for signs of
excessive bleeding, monitor for side/adverse effects

Antilipemics - Answer- trying to get rid of fat in the body and blood, used as an adjunt to
diet therapy and lifestyle modifications

Types of Antilipemics - Answer- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, bile acid sequestrants,
niasin, fibric and derivatives

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - Answer- inhibit an enzyme which is needed to
produce cholesterol

Indications for HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - Answer- first-line drug therapy for
hypercholesteremia

Side Effects of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - Answer- GI upset, rash, headache,
hepatits, rhabdomyolysis

Nursing Implications for HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors - Answer- caution with pt, also
taking anticoagulant, avoid grapefruit juice, moitor liver function studies, teach and
report symptoms of rhabdomyolysis

,Bile Acid Sequestrants - Answer- creates an insoluble bile acid-resin (drug) complex
that is excreated by the bile

Examples of Bile Acid Sequestrants - Answer- cholestyramine and colestipol

Side Effects of Bile Acid Sequestrants - Answer- constipation, heartburn, nausea,
belching, bloating

Nursing Implications for Bile Acid Sequestrants - Answer- come in powder form and
must be mixed thoroughly, do not give to a pt with PKU, notify HCP if unusual bleeding
ot blac, tarry stools occur

Nicotinic Acid - Answer- Lipid-lowering properties require much higher doses than when
used as a vitamin, inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue

Interactions for Nicotinic Acid - Answer- should not be given with statins d/t increased
risk of myopathy

Fibric Acid Derivatives - Answer- beleived to work by activating lipase, which breaks
down cholesterol; suppress release of free fatty acid from the adipose tissue, inhibit
sythesis of triglycerides in the liver, and increase the secreation of cholesterol in the bile

Side Effects of Fibric Acid Derivatives - Answer- abd discomfort, blurred vision,
increased risk of gallstones, muslce pain

Nursing Implications of Antilipemics - Answer- obtain health and medicatio history,
baseline liver function studies, high fibre diet, instruct pts to report peristant GI upset,
constipation, abnormal or unusual bleeding, yellow discolouration of the skin

Empiric Therapy - Answer- treatment of an infection before specific culture information
has been reported or obtained

Definitive Therapy - Answer- antibiotic therapy tailored to treat organism identified with
cultures

Prophylactic Therapy - Answer- treatment with antibiotics to prevent an infection, as in
intra-abd surgery or after trauma

Therapeutic Response of Antibiotic Therapy - Answer- decreased in specific signs and
symptoms of infection are noted

Subtherapeutic Response of Antibiotic Therapy - Answer- signs and symptoms of
infection do not improve

Most Common Severe Reactions of Antibiotic Therapy - Answer- difficulty breathing,
significant rash, hives, or therskin reactiion, severe GI intolerance

, Bactericidal Antibiotic - Answer- one that kills bacteria

Bacteriostatic Antibiotic - Answer- one that inhibits growth of susceptible bacteria rather
than killing them immediately; will eventually lead to bacterial death

Sulfonamides - Answer- inhibit the growth of bacteria, first group of antibiotics, prevent
synthesis of folic acid required for synthesis of purines and nucleic acid

Indications for Sulfonamides - Answer- treatment of UTIs, prophylaxis and treatment of
pneumocystis jirovecii pnemonia, treatment of upper respiratory tract infections

Adverse Effects of Sulfonamides - Answer- hemolytic and aplastic anemia,
agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, photosensitivity, SJS, epidermal necrolysis, nausea
and vomiting, diarrhea, pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity, convulsions, crystalluria, headache,
neuritis, urticaria, cough

Beta-lactam Antibiotics - Answer- penicillins, caphalosporins, carbapenems,
monobactams

Types of Penicillan's - Answer- natural: penicilling G, penicillin V potassium,
penicillinase-resistant drugs: cloxacillin, aminopenicillins: amoxicillin, ampicillin,
extended-spectrum drugs: piperacillin, ticarcillin

Mechanism of Action for Penicillin's - Answer- enters the bacteria via the wall, they bind
to penicillin-binding protien, once bound the normal call wall synthesis is disrupted,
bacteria cells then die from cell lysis, penicillins do not kill other cells in the body

Contradictions of Penicillin's - Answer- kwown medicaiton allergy, not all names end in
"cillin", many medication errors have occured when a penicillin drug by its trade name is
given to a pt. with a penicillin allergy

Penicillin's with Beta-Lactamase - Answer- some bacteria prodeuce enzymes capable of
destroying penicillins, these chemicals bind with beta-lactamase and prevent the
enzyme from breaking down the penicillin, thus making the drug more effective

Indications for Penicillin's - Answer- gram-positive bacteria, strepococcus species,
enterococcus species, staphylococcus species

Adverse Effects of Penicillins - Answer- allergic reactions, diarrhea, abd pain, nausea,
vomiting

Pseudomembranous Colitis - Answer- a common adverse effect of most antibiotics,
caused by exotoxins of C. difficile which damage the mucose and produce a
pseudomembrane composed of inflammatory excude

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