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Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2 questions with correct answers
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- Maryville University Of St. Louis
Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2 questions with correct answers
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Maryville 611 Patho Exam 2 questions with correctanswers
Review: the parasympathetic system is all about what? Correct Answer-
Conserving energy, digesting, metabolism, and rest
The sympathetic nervous system primarily serves to protect an
individual by doing which of the following? (select all that apply) A.
Decreasing mucous production B. Increasing blood sugar levels C.
Increasing body temperature D. Decreasing sweat excretion E.
Increasing blood pressure Correct Answer-Increases blood sugar levels,
increases body temperature, and increases blood pressure. In general,
sympathetic stimulation promotes responses that are concerned with the
protection of the individual, which include increasing glucose, body
temp, and BP.
Review: the sympathetic system is all about what? Correct Answer-It's
all about mobilizing energy stores, for instance glucose to muscles,
decreased release of insulin, redirects blood supply from the gut to the
muscles, heart, and lungs.
Which characteristic is the most critical index of nervous system
dysfunction? Correct Answer-Level of consciousness. LOC is the most
critical clinical index of nervous system function or dysfunction. An
alteration in consciousness indicates either improvement or deterioration
of a person's condition.
Thought and goal-oriented behaviors are functions of which area of the
brain? Correct Answer-Prefrontal lobe. The prefrontal area is
,responsible for goal-oriented behavior such as the ability to concentrate,
short-term or recall memory, and the elaboration of thought and
inhibition on the limbic (emotional) areas of the CNS.
Where is the region responsible for the motor aspects?Broca area in the
frontal lobe. Correct Answer-Broca speech area is the only region
responsible for the motor aspects of speech.
Parkinson and Huntington diseases are associated with defects in which
area of the brain? Correct Answer-Basal ganglia
Maintenance of a constant internal environment and the implementation
of behavioral patterns are main functions of which area of the brain?
Correct Answer-Hypothalamus. Hypothalamic function falls into 2
major areas: 1) maintenance of a constant internal environment, and 2)
implementation of behavioral patterns.
What parts of the brain mediate the expression of affect, both emotional
and behavioral states? Correct Answer-Limbic system and prefrontal
cortex
Reflex activities concerned with heart rate, blood pressure, respirations,
sneezing, swallowing, and coughing are controlled by which area of the
brain? Correct Answer-Medulla oblongata. The medulla oblongata
makes up the myelencephalon and is the lowest portion of the brainstem.
,Which area of the brain assumes the responsibility for conscious and
unconscious muscle synergy and for maintaining balance and posture?
Correct Answer-Cerebellum
The brain receives approximately what percentage of the cardiac output?
Correct Answer-20% or 800 to 1000 ml of blood flow per minute
What evidence does the nurse expect to see when a patient experiences
trauma to the hypothalamus? (select all that apply) A. Uneven
expression of mood B. Unstable blood glucose levels C. Poor regulation
of body temperature D. Visual disturbances such as blurred vision E.
N/V and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease Correct Answer-
Uneven expression of mood, unstable blood glucose levels, and poor
temp regulation. The hypothalamus forms the base of the diencephalon.
Hypothalamic function controls autonomic nervous system function,
regulation of body temp, endocrine function (glucose levels), and
regulation of emotional expression.
What is the first defense of our bodies? Correct Answer-Skin and
mucous membranes
Which action is the purpose of the inflammatory process? Correct
Answer-To prevent infection of the injured tissue. If the epithelial
barrier is damaged, then a highly efficient local and system response
(inflammation) is mobilized to limit the extent of damage, to protect
against infection, and to initiate the repair of damaged tissue.
, What are the 4 cardinal signs of infection? Correct Answer-Edema
(tumor), warmth (calor), redness (rubor), and pain (dolar). There is a 5th
sign known as loss of function (functio laesa) but Dr. Wunderlich did
not mention this.
Which type of white blood cell is first to arrive at the site of infection?
Correct Answer-Leukocytes
What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process?
Correct Answer-Increased capillary permeability. The increased flow
and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the vessels,
causing swelling in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for
inflammation-induced edema.
What process causes heat and redness to occur during the inflammatory
process? Correct Answer-Vasodilation of blood vessels. The increased
blood flow, as a result of vasodilation and increasing concentration of
red cells at the site of inflammation cause locally increased warmth and
redness.
The chemotactic factor affects the inflammatory process by? Correct
Answer-Directing leukocytes to the inflamed area. Two chemotactic
factors, neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) and eosinophil chemotactic
factor of anaphylaxis (ECF-A), are released during mast cell
degranulation. NCF attracts neutrophils (a type of leukocytes), and ECF-
A attracts eosinophils to the site of inflammation.
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