2301 Patho Exam 2 || with A+ Guaranteed Solutions.
Immunoglobulin correct answers antibodies, glycoprotein molecules important part of immune
system, responsible for fighting off infectious disease
Multiple sclerosis correct answers - chronic disease of the central nervous system marked by
damage to the myelin sheath
- plaques occur in the brain & spinal cord causing tremor, weakness, incoordination, paresthesia,
& disturbances in vision and speech
Muscular dystrophy correct answers group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive
weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system
Myasthenia gravis correct answers - chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular
junction
- produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles
- caused by autoantibodies to the acetylcholine receptor at nerve synapses
Sjogren's syndrome correct answers autoimmune inflammation & destruction of minor salivary
glands and lacrimal glands
Scleroderma correct answers chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with
hardening and shrinking of connective tissue
Systemic lupus erythematosus symptoms correct answers - raised reddened butterfly rash that's
dry and itches
- photosensitive, lesions, fever, fatigue, arthralgia, arthritis, myalgia, malasise, weight loss,
mucosal ulcers, & alopecia.
Systemic lupus erythematosus correct answers chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of
collagen in skin, joints, & internal organs characterized by unusual autoantibodies
Sacculated aneurysm correct answers distention of vessel wall on only one side, not around
entire circumference
Arrhythmias correct answers irregular heartbeats
Dissecting aneurysm correct answers condition in which the inner layers of an artery, such as the
aorta, become separated, allowing blood (at high pressures) to flow between the layers
Vegetations correct answers - abnormal growths that contain collections of bacteria in heart at
the site of the infection
- may damage heart valves, which can cause them to leak
Thrombophlebitis correct answers - inflammation of a vein with clot formation
- interference with blood flow, results in edema
,- pain, swelling, heaviness, warrants of affected area, tender to palpation
Tamponade treatment correct answers insertion of needle into pericardial space, withdrawing the
offending of blood; surgery to repair leak of blood
Tamponade correct answers - compression of heart muscle, restriction of heart movement caused
by blood or fluid trapped in pericardial sac
- caused by coronary, epicardial, pericardial vessel break
Mitral valve insufficiency correct answers fails to close completely and allows blood from left
ventricle to flow back into left Atria
Mitral valve stenosis correct answers hardening from scarring, usually caused by episodes of
rheumatic fever
Varicose veins treatment correct answers keep legs elevated, support stockings, exercise,
submerged legs in warm water to increase blood flow, avoid standing for long periods, surgical
intervention
Varicose veins correct answers abnormally swollen, twisted veins with defective valves; most
often seen in the legs
Peripheral edema correct answers varicose veinsswelling of tissues, usually in the lower limbs,
due to the accumulation of fluids.
Raynaud's disease treatment correct answers avoid the cause (smoking, cold, stress) b/c can lead
to finger necrosis
Raynaud's disease correct answers a vasospastic condition of the fingers, hands, or feet, causing
pain, numbness, and sometimes discoloration
Rheumatic heart disease symptoms correct answers - heart murmur (indication of a heart valve
dysfunction)
- chest pain, extra heart sounds, heart block, atrial fibrillation
- dyspnea, tachycardia, edema, nonproductive cough
Rheumatic heart disease correct answers damage to the heart muscle or heart valves caused by
one or more episodes of rheumatic fever
Expectorants correct answers help dissolve mucus & reduce viscosity of mucus secretions
Mucolytics correct answers expectorants
Lithium carbonate side effects correct answers - acute treatment, blood should be drawn twice a
week, 8-12 hr after previous dose
- long-term treatment, blood should be drawn every 2 months
, - lethargy, slurred speech, muscle weakness, fine hand tremor, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, thirst,
polyuria
Lithium carbonate correct answers - used to counter bipolar disorder
- believed to alter the metabolism of norepinephrine in the brain
Semisynthetic penicillin correct answers - altered for more broad spectrum
- greater effectiveness with oral administration
Long-acting penicillin correct answers - Bicillin
- IM intramuscular to be absorbed slowly
- IV route can cause embolism
Grief stage 1 correct answers denial
Grief stage 2 correct answers anger
Grief stage 3 correct answers bargaining
Grief stage 4 correct answers depression
Grief stage 5 correct answers acceptance
Pharyngitis symptoms correct answers acute or chronic, inflammation of tonsils, you willa, and
pallet; sore throat with dryness, a burning sensation, or sensation of a lump in the throat; chills,
fever, dysphonia, dysphagia; mucosa of the _______ is found to be red and swollen with or
without tonsillar exudate
Pharyngitis treatment correct answers if viral treat symptoms, if acute bacterial infection then
treat with antibiotics; treat symptoms with saline goggles, fluid intake, and soft diet
Deviated septum correct answers defect in the cartilage wall between the nostrils that can cause
partial or complete obstruction
Anosmia correct answers loss of sense of smell
Epistaxis correct answers bleeding from the nose that if is allowed to continue can cause vertigo,
an increase in pulse, pallor, shortness of breath, and dropping blood pressure
Emphysema pneumothorax correct answers collapsed lung due to emphysema (alveoli are
damaged)
Pulmonary emphysema correct answers chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder characterized by
destructive changes in the alveolar walls and irreversible enlargement of alveolar air spaces
