EXAM 1 HLTH 4305 || A+ Graded Already.
Define the terms health, community, community health, population health, public health, public
system, and global health. correct answers Health - a dynamic state or condition of the human
organism that is multidimensional in nature, a resource for living, and results from a person's
interactions with and adaptions to his or her environment; therefore, it can exist in varying
degrees and is specific to each individual and his or her situation.
Community - a collective body of individuals identifies by common characteristics such as
geography, interests, experiences, concerns, or values.
Community health - the health status of a defined group of people and the actions and conditions
to promote, protect, and preserve their health
Population health - "the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of
such outcomes within the group."
Public health - looking at change at a population, community, or individual level. Actions that
society takes collectively to ensure that the conditions in which people can be healthy.
Public health system - the organizational mechanism of those activities undertaken within the
formal structure of government and the associated efforts of private and voluntary organizations
and individuals.
Global health - describes health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national
boundaries, may be influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries, and are best
addressed by cooperative actions and solutions
Briefly describe the five major determinants of health. correct answers Genetics, behavior
choices, social circumstances, environmental conditions, and medical care.
List and discuss the factors that influence a community's health. correct answers Physical factors
(geography, environment community size)
Social and culture factors(economy, social norms, politics, socioeconomic status)
Individual behaviors (diet, lifestyle, healthcare, family history)
Community organization(is the community able to recognize community problems an set goals
to fix them).
Describe the purpose of the Healthy People 2030 goals and objectives as they apply to the
planning process of the health of Americas. correct answers The purpose of healthy people 2030
is to promote strengthening and evaluate the nations efforts to improve the health and well-being
of all people. The goals is to attain healthy, thriving lives and well-being free of disease,
disability and premature death. Eliminate health disparities, achieve health equity and attain
health literacy to improve the health and well being of all.
, Describe the major community and public health problems facing the United States and the
world today. correct answers Communicable diseases, poor sanitation and unsafe drinking water,
hunger, and migration.
Summarize the need for organizing to improve community and public health. correct answers
Essential to ensure that a community makes the best use of its resources for health, both in times
of emergency and over the long run.
Explain what a governmental health organization is and give an example of one at each of the
following level - international, national, state, and local correct answers Governmental health
agencies are health agencies that are part of the governmental structure (federal, state, or local)
and that are funded primarily by tax dollars, managed by government officials.
International - World Health Organization (WHO).
National - Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
State - Texas Department of Health.
Local- Brownsville Public Health Division
Discuss the role the World Health Organization (WHO) plays in community and public health.
correct answers It provides leadership on matters critical to health an engaging in partnerships
where joint action is needed. It shapes the research agenda and stimulating the generation,
translation, and dissemination of valuable knowledge. It sets norms and standards, promotes and
monitors their implementation. It monitors the health situation and assessing health trends.
Briefly describe the structure and function of the United States Department of Health and Human
Services (HHS). correct answers Headed by Secretary of Health and Human Services (appointed
by President; member of cabinet). 25% of federal budget; largest department in federal
government. "Is the United States government's principal agency for protecting the health of all
Americans and providing essential human services, especially for those who least able to help
themselves" Organized into 11 operating agencies; 10 regional offices.
3 core functions of health correct answers Assessment (monitor health, diagnose and investigate)
Policy development(inform, educate, empower, mobilize community partnerships, develop
polices)
Assurance (enforce laws, link to/provide care, assure competent workforce, evaluate)
List the 10 essential public health services. correct answers 1. Monitor health status to identify
community health problems.
2. Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community.
3. Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues.
4. Mobilize community partnerships to identify and community health efforts.
5. Develop polices and plans that support individual and community health efforts.
6. Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety.
7. Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when
otherwise unavailable.
8. Ensure effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population -based health
services.
