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NREMT Airway, Respiration, & Ventilation questions with correct answers

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  • Course
  • NREMT - Nationally Registered Emergency Medical Technician
  • Institution
  • NREMT - Nationally Registered Emergency Medical Technician

NREMT Airway, Respiration, & Ventilation questions with correct answers

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  • November 6, 2024
  • 32
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NREMT - Nationally Registered Emergency Medical Technician
  • NREMT - Nationally Registered Emergency Medical Technician
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NREMT Airway, Respiration, & Ventilation questions with
correct answers
ventilation Correct Answer-the physical act of moving air into and out of
the lungs


inhalation Correct Answer-diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract,
creating negative pressure within the thorax, which allows air to enter
the body


partial pressure Correct Answer-the amount of gas in the air or dissolved
in fluid, such as blood


deoxygenated arterial blood from the heart has a partial pressure of O2
that is lower than the partial pressure of CO2 in the pulmonary
capillaries. the body attempts to equalize the partial pressure, which
results in O2 diffusion across the membrane into the blood


tidal volume Correct Answer-measure of the amount of air in milliliters
that is moved into or out of the lungs during a single breath


adult tidal volume Correct Answer-500 mL


hypoxia Correct Answer-condition in which the tissues and cells of the
body do not get enough O2


hypoxic drive

,definition, most common patients Correct Answer-differs from primary
control of breathing in that it uses levels of O2 to control bleeding, not
CO2


typically seen in patients with late-stage COPD


oxygenation Correct Answer-the process of loading O2 molecules onto
hemoglobin molecules in the bloodstream


does not guarantee that internal respiration is taking place. ventilation
without oxygenation can occur in places where O2 levels in the
breathing air are depleted, such as in mines, confined spaces, or high
altitudes


respiration Correct Answer-the actual exchange of O2 and CO2 in the
alveoli and in tissues of the body


cells take energy from nutrients through a chemical process known as
metabolism (cellular respiration)


surfactant purpose Correct Answer-reduces surface tension within
alveoli and keeps them expanded, making it easier for gas exchange to
occur

,chemoreceptors function Correct Answer-monitor levels of O2, CO2,
hydrogen ions, and the pH of cerebrospinal fluid to provide feedback to
the respiratory centers


when serum CO2 or hydrogen ions levels increase, chemoreceptors
stimulate the medulla to increase respiratory rate


cause of most abnormalities of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
Correct Answer-failure to match ventilation and perfusion


signs of normal breathing for adults Correct Answer-- 12-20 breaths per
minute
- regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation
- bilateral clear and equal lung sounds
- regular, equal chest rise and fall
- adequate depth (tidal volume)


signs of abnormal breathing Correct Answer-<12 breaths per minute
more than 20 breaths in the presence of shortness of breath (dyspnea)
- irregular rhythm
- diminished, absent, or noisy auscultated breath sounds
- reduced flow of expired air at nose or mouth
- increased effort of breathing (use of accessory muscles)
- shallow depth (reduced tidal volume)
- pale, cyanotic, cool, or moist skin

, - skin pulling in around ribs or above clavicles during inspiration


agonal gasps Correct Answer-occasional, gasping breaths that occur
after the heart has stopped


Cheyne-Stokes respirations


definition, common patients Correct Answer-an abnormal pattern of
breathing characterized by breathing with increased rate and depth of
respirations followed by apnea


commonly seen in patients with stroke or head injury


ataxic respirations


definition
common patients Correct Answer-respirations that are irregular,
ineffective, and do not have an identifiable pattern


may follow serious head injuries


Kussmaul respirations Correct Answer-deep, rapid respirations
commonly seen in patients with metabolic acidosis (diabetic
ketoacidosis)

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