EOSC 315 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
What are diatoms and what are they composed of? - Answer- Eukaryotic phytoplankton and almost exclusively photosynthetic organisms.
-Composed of a cell wall made of silica.
Where can diatoms be found? - Answer- In both marine and fresh water en...
EOSC 315 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ALL CORRECT ANSWERS
What are diatoms and what are they composed of? - Answer- Eukaryotic phytoplankton
and almost exclusively photosynthetic organisms.
-Composed of a cell wall made of silica.
Where can diatoms be found? - Answer- In both marine and fresh water environments.
Where are diatoms most common? - Answer- Near the coast, especially in temperate
areas where necessary nutrients needed for growth are high. Thrive in cooler areas.
What do diatoms consists of? - Answer- A frustule that contains pores, a epitheca, and
a hypotheca.
What are the two types of main diatoms? - Answer- Centric diatoms
Pennate diatoms
What is a dinoflagellate? - Answer- A eukaryotic phytoplankton that is not as productive
as diatoms
Where are dinoflagellates most common? - Answer- Warmer, coastal tropical waters
What is unique about dinoflagellates? - Answer- -They can produce toxins that can be
lethal to many organisms.
-They are also capable of bioluminescence which is a brief flash of light triggered by a
chemical reaction with the cell.
What is a dinoflagellates structure and how does it effect its mobility? - Answer- Single
celled, motile plankton. Consists of two whip-like flagella that allow the cell to swim up to
a meter per hour.
When would a dinoflagellate have periods of sexual reproduction? - Answer- When
nutrients run out of light or light becomes limiting. (resting cysts)
What is a red tide? - Answer- Dinoflagellate blooms at the surface waters that cause the
water to turn red.
What are Zooxanthellae? - Answer- Photosynthetic dinoflagellates that form symbiotic
relationships with clams, corals and sea anemones.
, They do this by photosynthesizing and releasing organic matter to the host (coral) as
food while obtaining protection and a dependable source of nutrients for growth.
What is a Coccolithophore? - Answer- Eukaryotic phytoplankton, generally spherical
photosynthetic cells. Most are planktonic, but some are ethnic examples.
What is a coccolithophores structure? - Answer- The possess two unequal flagella that
are used for limited motion. Most are covered with scales or plates called coccoliths that
are made up of calcium carbonate (chalk).
What is interesting about coccolith plates? - Answer- They are reflective and form very
large blooms when conditions are optimal. They can often be easy to photograph and
see from earths orbit.
Where are coccolithophores found and what does it look like in the ocean? - Answer-
Found in large blooms in the ocean and can look milky in appearance. Often found in
temperate locations like the Bering straight, gulf of Alaska and the North sea.
How do coccolithophores reproduce? - Answer- Mainly asexually but they are capable
of reproducing sexually. Much is unknown about their reproduction.
What are silicoflagellates? - Answer- Small group of photoautotrophs that use silica in
their internal skeleton. They also form siliceous ooze.
What is a silicoflagellates structure? - Answer- single, long flagellum they use for
propulsion.
where are silicoflagellates found? - Answer- They don't form blooms like diatoms but
they are relatively common in cold, temperate and arctic waters.
What is a virus? - Answer- An obligate intracellular parasite that cannot reproduce on
their own. They do not respire and they do not grow!
What is a virus composed of? - Answer- Genetic material (DNA/ RNA) that is
encapsulated by a protein structure called a capsid.
How does a virus reproduce? - Answer- They reproduce using the metabolic pathways
of the infected cell. They are host specific and generally can only infect a specific
species (Bacteriophage: virus that attacks bacteria; Phytophagy: attacks phytoplankton)
What are the 3 stages of a virus infection? - Answer- 1. Infection- where a viral particle
attaches to a host cell and injects its genetic material
2. Lytic cycle- the cell rapidly replicates the genetic material of the virus, often at the
expense of its own metabolism. The cell will manufacture enough of the virus particles
to cause a rupture in the cell and release the viruses capable of infecting new cells.
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