TJC GOVT-2305 FINAL EXAM
In7modern7democracies,7the7conflict7and7cooperation7over7the7leadership,7structure,7an
d7policies7of7government7is7called.7-7ans--politics
T/F:7The7North7Korean7government7is7a7modern7example7of7a7totalitarian7regime.7-
7ans--True
A7good7that7may7be7enjoyed7by7anyone,7if7provided,7and7that7may7not7be7denied7to7an
yone7once7it7has7been7provided7is7called7a(n)7-7ans--public7good
The7United7States7was7the7first7country7in7the7world7founded7mainly7by7-7ans--
The7bourgeoisie7class,7or7people7involved7in7commerce7or7industry
T/
F:7Even7in7the7most7clearly7representative7democracies,7there7may7sometimes7be7no7c
ourse7of7action7consistent7with7majority7rule.7-7ans--True
For7well7over7a7decade,7U.S.7Senator7Marquess7has7publicly7supported7immigration7ref
orm.7In7so7doing,7she7has7reflected7majority7views7in7her7state,7as7shown7in7many7surv
eys.7Now,7it7appears,7a7big7push7is7coming7from7congressional7leaders7to7pass7a7refor
m7bill.7The7senator7finds7what7she7is7hearing7from7her7constituents7bewildering,7howev
er.7Most7appear7to7strongly7support7a7path7to7citizenship7for7undocumented7immigrants
7now7in7the7United7States.7Another7majority,7however,7including7many7who7are7against7
a7path7to7citizenship,7sees7building7a7wall7on7the7Mexican7border7and7increasing7suppo
rt7for7border7and7immigration7enforcement7as7much7more7important.7In7addition,7the7co
nstituents7appear7divided7over7whether7to7increase7or7decrease7the7number7of7work7vis
a7holders.
Marquess7wants7to7do7what7majorities7in7her7state7want,7but7faces7a7basic7dilemma7of7r
epresentative7democracy7in7doing7so.7That7dilemma7is7best7describe7-7ans--
the7fact7that7sometimes,7representatives7cannot7find7a7course7of7action7that7is7clearly7c
onsistent7with7majority7rule.
In7the71990s,7the7North7African7country7Somalia7was7effectively7without7a7viable7central
7government7as7it7was7in7the7middle7of7a7civil7war.7Most7people7there7were7forced7to7tur
n7to7traditional7religious7authorities7or7"warlord"7controllers7of7certain7fiefdoms7for7public
7goods7such7as7defense,7sanitation,7and7education.7At7the7time,7Somalia7was7consider
ed7-7ans--a7failed7state
T/
F:7Governments7that7are7generally7unrestrained7by7law7but7in7which7other7political7or7s
,ocial7institutions7keep7leaders7in7check7are7called7authoritarian7governments.7-7ans--
True
While7Alicia,7an7African7American7woman7in7her7early7thirties,7has7rarely7found7herself7
upset7with7her7longtime7congressional7representative,7a762-year-
old7White7man,7she7believes7that7a7woman7closer7to7her7age7might7have7given7more7at
tention7to7issues7such7as7abortion7and7the7cost7of7child7care.7Alicia7thinks7having7a7Bla
ck7woman7as7her7representative7would7be7even7more7ideal,7believing7the7official7would7
then7be7more7likely7to7care7about7continued7discrimination.7Alicia7can7be7said7to7see7po
tential7in7________7representation.7-7ans--Descriptive
T/F:7A7local7(say,7city7or7county)7council7does7not7constitute7a7government.7-7ans--
False
For7Congress7to7send7an7amendment7to7the7Constitution7to7state7legislatures7or7to7ratif
ying7conventions7for7approval,7it7must7pass7in7-7ans--
both7the7House7and7Senate7with7a7two-thirds7majority.
The7First7Continental7Congress7was7created7in7response7to7which7of7the7following?7-
7ans--
a7series7of7provocations7and7retaliations7between7the7British7government7and7colonists7
in7the7wake7of7the7Tea7Act7and7the7Boston7Tea7Party
Discussions7among7the7Constitution's7framers7over7________7pitted7the7elite7groups7of
7northern7merchants7and7southern7planters7against7each7other,7providing7an7early7warn
ing7of7national7conflict7to7come.7-7ans--Slavery
The7presidential7veto7power7over7legislation,7the7power7of7the7Senate7to7approve7presi
dential7appointments,7and7judicial7review7over7acts7of7Congress7and7presidential7action
s7are7examples7of7the7American7political7system's7principle7of7-7ans--
checks7and7balances
The7decision7of7the7Constitution's7framers7to7allow7federal7judges,7all7unelected,7to7serv
e7lifetime7appointments7demonstrated7their7concern7with7-7ans--
the7excesses7of7democracy,7as7well7as7concern7for7guarding7against7political7interferen
ce7from7other7branches.
A7legislative7assembly,7such7as7Congress7that7is7divided7into7two7chambers7(or7houses
)7is7best7described7as7-7ans--bicameral
Only7________7can7appoint7Supreme7Court7justices,7with7________7approval.7-7ans--
The7president;7Senate
Why7did7New7England7merchants7seek7support7from7radical7factions7in7the7American7c
olonies?7-7ans--
, The7British7government's7granting7of7a7monopoly7on7tea7exports7to7the7East7India7Com
pany7ended7a7formerly7profitable7business7for7the7merchants.
The7purpose7of7the7ten7amendments7that7make7up7the7Bill7of7Rights7was7basically7to7gi
ve7each7of7the7three7branches7of7government7-7ans--
clearer7and7more7restricted7boundaries.
The7proposal7to7alter7the7Articles7of7Confederation7by7providing7for7a7system7of7represe
ntation7in7the7national7legislature7based7on7the7population7of7each7state,7the7proportion7
of7each7state's7revenue7contribution,7or7both7was7known7as7the7-7ans--Virginia7Plan.
Under7the7American7framers'7vision7of7________,7government7power7is7limited7through7
a7division7into7two7levels,7each7with7enough7independence7to7compete7with7the7other.7-
7ans--federalism
Which7term7describes7the7division7of7powers7and7functions7between7national7and7state7
governments?7-7ans--federalism
The7power7delegated7by7the7state7to7a7local7unit7of7government,7typically7a7larger7city,7t
o7manage7its7own7affairs7is7called7-7ans--home7rule.
When7the7Supreme7Court7ruled7that7a7state7could7not7tax7the7Bank7of7the7United7State
s7in7McCullochv.Maryland,7it7said7that7when7a7state7law7conflicts7with7a7federal7law,7the
7state7law7should7be7deemed7invalid.7This7exemplifies7the7application7of7the7-7ans--
supremacy7clause.
Funds7that7are7given7by7Congress7to7states7and7localities7and7that7may7only7be7spent7
on7narrowly7defined7purposes7are7known7as7-7ans--categorical7grants.
The7system7of7government7that7prevailed7in7the7United7States7from7the7writing7of7the7C
onstitution7to7approximately7the7Great7Depression7could7be7most7accurately7characteriz
ed7as7________7federalism.7-7ans--marble7cake
If7your7state7decides7that7it7needs7property7you7own7for7a7public7purpose—
including,7say,7building7a7new7highway7or7a7hospital—
it7can7legally7do7the7following7under7its7power7of7eminent7domain:7-7ans--
take7your7property7in7exchange7for7compensation.
A7power7held7by7the7states7and7the7federal7government7simultaneously,7such7as7the7po
wer7to7levy7taxes,7is7called7________7power.7-7ans--a7concurrent
The7American7President7is7often7referred7to7as7the7world's7most7powerful7leader.7Despi
te7this,7presidents7often7find7policymaking7difficult.7Why?7-7ans--
the7separation7of7powers,7and7checks7and7balances7outlined7in7the7Constitution
In7modern7democracies,7the7conflict7and7cooperation7over7the7leadership,7structure,7an
d7policies7of7government7is7called.7-7ans--politics
T/F:7The7North7Korean7government7is7a7modern7example7of7a7totalitarian7regime.7-
7ans--True
A7good7that7may7be7enjoyed7by7anyone,7if7provided,7and7that7may7not7be7denied7to7an
yone7once7it7has7been7provided7is7called7a(n)7-7ans--public7good
The7United7States7was7the7first7country7in7the7world7founded7mainly7by7-7ans--
The7bourgeoisie7class,7or7people7involved7in7commerce7or7industry
T/
F:7Even7in7the7most7clearly7representative7democracies,7there7may7sometimes7be7no7c
ourse7of7action7consistent7with7majority7rule.7-7ans--True
For7well7over7a7decade,7U.S.7Senator7Marquess7has7publicly7supported7immigration7ref
orm.7In7so7doing,7she7has7reflected7majority7views7in7her7state,7as7shown7in7many7surv
eys.7Now,7it7appears,7a7big7push7is7coming7from7congressional7leaders7to7pass7a7refor
m7bill.7The7senator7finds7what7she7is7hearing7from7her7constituents7bewildering,7howev
er.7Most7appear7to7strongly7support7a7path7to7citizenship7for7undocumented7immigrants
7now7in7the7United7States.7Another7majority,7however,7including7many7who7are7against7
a7path7to7citizenship,7sees7building7a7wall7on7the7Mexican7border7and7increasing7suppo
rt7for7border7and7immigration7enforcement7as7much7more7important.7In7addition,7the7co
nstituents7appear7divided7over7whether7to7increase7or7decrease7the7number7of7work7vis
a7holders.
Marquess7wants7to7do7what7majorities7in7her7state7want,7but7faces7a7basic7dilemma7of7r
epresentative7democracy7in7doing7so.7That7dilemma7is7best7describe7-7ans--
the7fact7that7sometimes,7representatives7cannot7find7a7course7of7action7that7is7clearly7c
onsistent7with7majority7rule.
In7the71990s,7the7North7African7country7Somalia7was7effectively7without7a7viable7central
7government7as7it7was7in7the7middle7of7a7civil7war.7Most7people7there7were7forced7to7tur
n7to7traditional7religious7authorities7or7"warlord"7controllers7of7certain7fiefdoms7for7public
7goods7such7as7defense,7sanitation,7and7education.7At7the7time,7Somalia7was7consider
ed7-7ans--a7failed7state
T/
F:7Governments7that7are7generally7unrestrained7by7law7but7in7which7other7political7or7s
,ocial7institutions7keep7leaders7in7check7are7called7authoritarian7governments.7-7ans--
True
While7Alicia,7an7African7American7woman7in7her7early7thirties,7has7rarely7found7herself7
upset7with7her7longtime7congressional7representative,7a762-year-
old7White7man,7she7believes7that7a7woman7closer7to7her7age7might7have7given7more7at
tention7to7issues7such7as7abortion7and7the7cost7of7child7care.7Alicia7thinks7having7a7Bla
ck7woman7as7her7representative7would7be7even7more7ideal,7believing7the7official7would7
then7be7more7likely7to7care7about7continued7discrimination.7Alicia7can7be7said7to7see7po
tential7in7________7representation.7-7ans--Descriptive
T/F:7A7local7(say,7city7or7county)7council7does7not7constitute7a7government.7-7ans--
False
For7Congress7to7send7an7amendment7to7the7Constitution7to7state7legislatures7or7to7ratif
ying7conventions7for7approval,7it7must7pass7in7-7ans--
both7the7House7and7Senate7with7a7two-thirds7majority.
The7First7Continental7Congress7was7created7in7response7to7which7of7the7following?7-
7ans--
a7series7of7provocations7and7retaliations7between7the7British7government7and7colonists7
in7the7wake7of7the7Tea7Act7and7the7Boston7Tea7Party
Discussions7among7the7Constitution's7framers7over7________7pitted7the7elite7groups7of
7northern7merchants7and7southern7planters7against7each7other,7providing7an7early7warn
ing7of7national7conflict7to7come.7-7ans--Slavery
The7presidential7veto7power7over7legislation,7the7power7of7the7Senate7to7approve7presi
dential7appointments,7and7judicial7review7over7acts7of7Congress7and7presidential7action
s7are7examples7of7the7American7political7system's7principle7of7-7ans--
checks7and7balances
The7decision7of7the7Constitution's7framers7to7allow7federal7judges,7all7unelected,7to7serv
e7lifetime7appointments7demonstrated7their7concern7with7-7ans--
the7excesses7of7democracy,7as7well7as7concern7for7guarding7against7political7interferen
ce7from7other7branches.
A7legislative7assembly,7such7as7Congress7that7is7divided7into7two7chambers7(or7houses
)7is7best7described7as7-7ans--bicameral
Only7________7can7appoint7Supreme7Court7justices,7with7________7approval.7-7ans--
The7president;7Senate
Why7did7New7England7merchants7seek7support7from7radical7factions7in7the7American7c
olonies?7-7ans--
, The7British7government's7granting7of7a7monopoly7on7tea7exports7to7the7East7India7Com
pany7ended7a7formerly7profitable7business7for7the7merchants.
The7purpose7of7the7ten7amendments7that7make7up7the7Bill7of7Rights7was7basically7to7gi
ve7each7of7the7three7branches7of7government7-7ans--
clearer7and7more7restricted7boundaries.
The7proposal7to7alter7the7Articles7of7Confederation7by7providing7for7a7system7of7represe
ntation7in7the7national7legislature7based7on7the7population7of7each7state,7the7proportion7
of7each7state's7revenue7contribution,7or7both7was7known7as7the7-7ans--Virginia7Plan.
Under7the7American7framers'7vision7of7________,7government7power7is7limited7through7
a7division7into7two7levels,7each7with7enough7independence7to7compete7with7the7other.7-
7ans--federalism
Which7term7describes7the7division7of7powers7and7functions7between7national7and7state7
governments?7-7ans--federalism
The7power7delegated7by7the7state7to7a7local7unit7of7government,7typically7a7larger7city,7t
o7manage7its7own7affairs7is7called7-7ans--home7rule.
When7the7Supreme7Court7ruled7that7a7state7could7not7tax7the7Bank7of7the7United7State
s7in7McCullochv.Maryland,7it7said7that7when7a7state7law7conflicts7with7a7federal7law,7the
7state7law7should7be7deemed7invalid.7This7exemplifies7the7application7of7the7-7ans--
supremacy7clause.
Funds7that7are7given7by7Congress7to7states7and7localities7and7that7may7only7be7spent7
on7narrowly7defined7purposes7are7known7as7-7ans--categorical7grants.
The7system7of7government7that7prevailed7in7the7United7States7from7the7writing7of7the7C
onstitution7to7approximately7the7Great7Depression7could7be7most7accurately7characteriz
ed7as7________7federalism.7-7ans--marble7cake
If7your7state7decides7that7it7needs7property7you7own7for7a7public7purpose—
including,7say,7building7a7new7highway7or7a7hospital—
it7can7legally7do7the7following7under7its7power7of7eminent7domain:7-7ans--
take7your7property7in7exchange7for7compensation.
A7power7held7by7the7states7and7the7federal7government7simultaneously,7such7as7the7po
wer7to7levy7taxes,7is7called7________7power.7-7ans--a7concurrent
The7American7President7is7often7referred7to7as7the7world's7most7powerful7leader.7Despi
te7this,7presidents7often7find7policymaking7difficult.7Why?7-7ans--
the7separation7of7powers,7and7checks7and7balances7outlined7in7the7Constitution
