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Med-surg 1 Final blueprint questions with correct answers
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Med-surg 1 Final blueprint questions with correct answers
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Med-surg 1 Final blueprint questions with correctanswers
Question 1 Cardiac- HTN
-Antihypertensive therapy
-Pt education and medication compliance
-Pt's may not feel they have HTN (why its important to take meds)
Correct Answer.-BP ranges: Normal below 120/80, 60 years below
140/90, >60 years 150/90
Hypertensive crisis (BP > 180/120) tx:
-IV antihypertensives (nipride, labetalol, cardene), oral once stable
-Vasodilators
-Must be gradual reduction (within 2-6 hrs) or risk for cerebral ischemia,
MI, or renal failure-Start O2 therapy
-Lasix
Pharmacological tx:
-Beta blockers
-Diuretics
-CCBs
-Ace inhibitors
-Angiotensin II receptor agonists
,Non-pharmacological tx:
-Sodium reduction
-Weight reduction
-Reduce alcohol intake
-Exercise
-Decrease stress levels
-Avoid smoking
-Complementary and alternative therapy
Pt education:
-May not have S/S of HTN but important to stick to med regime
-Untreated HTN puts you at risk for: thickening of blood vessels or
damage to organs, MI, stroke, kidney failure, PVD
Question 2 Cardiac- HF & HTN (SATA)
-HF and HTN
-Discharge instructions (from nurse) to newly diagnosed HF and HTN pt
-S/S of worsening HF Correct Answer.--HTN (see question 1)
-Heart failure typically moves from left sided to right sided as it worsens
Right sided (newer onset):
-Fatigue
,-Increased peripheral venous pressure
-Ascites
-Enlarged liver and spleen
-Could be secondary to pulmonary problems
-JVD
-Anorexia and GI distress
-Weight gain
-Dependent edema
REST OF BODY
Left-sided (later/worsening):
-Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
-Elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
-Pulmonary congestion (cough, crackles, wheezes, blood tinged sputum,
tachypnea)
-Restlessness
-Confusion
-Orthopnea
-Tachycardia
-Exertional dyspnea
-Fatigue
-Cyanosis
L=LUNGS!
, HTN/HF education:
-Sodium reduction
-Weight reduction
-Reduce alcohol intake
-Exercise
-Decrease stress levels
-Avoid smoking
-Careful with orthostatic hypotension (dangle legs)
-Use of tedhose/stocking to promote circulation and relief edema
Question 3 Cardiac- Bradycardia
-Identify bradycardia
-Symptomatic bradycardia (tx and meds) - atropine Correct Answer.-HR
lower than 60
S/S:
-Dizziness or lightheadedness
-Confusion
-Fainting (near falls)
-SOB
Result of:
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