Columbia International University

i: close (high) front unrounded vowel (meet) ɪ near-close (high) near-front unrounded vowel (bit) u: close (high) back rounded vowel (boot) ʊ near-close (high) near-back rounded vowel (book) ɛ open(low)/mid front unrounded vowel (bed) e close(high)-mid front unrounded vowel (play) (similar to diphthong eɪ) ə mid central vowel (schwa) (the) ɔ: open(low)-mid back rounded vowel (talk, thOUGHt, aw) æ near-open(low) front unround...

Traditional Linguistics Perspective approach to grammar that emphasized correct speech should be used and that language rules are highest importance Applied Linguistics Type of linguistics that identifies and offers solutions to language problems. Structural Linguistics Popular between 1930 and 1960; founded by Bloomfield; emphasizes concrete linguistic data and organizing data into certain levels Contrastive Linguistics Type of linguistics that emphasizes difference bet...

Inter-language Strategy used by second language learner to compensate for lack of proficiency. the learners' language system is neither that of his mother tongue nor that of the second language, but contains elements of both. errors need to be seen as evidence of the learner's developing system. Overgeneralization Inter language strategy- attempts to apply a rule across the board w/o regard for exceptions. Bended vs bent. Simplification L2 learner uses resources that require l...

Clause A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb, but cannot stand by itself. Back Channeling The feedback which a listener gives to a speaker to show that (s)he is following, or understands what the speaker is saying. Convergence when languages come to structurally resemble one another as a result of prolonged language contact and mutual interference Self Repair The process by which a speaker recognizes a speech error and repeats what has been said with...

ESL Praxis 5362 questions and answers

ESOL Praxis Test Practice questions with complete solutions

Traditional Linguistics A prescriptive approach to grammar. Emphasizes how one should use correct speech in a given lang. Applied Linguistics Offers solution to lang related real life problems Ex. Educ, anthropology, psychology Structural Linguistics Descriptive approach (Bloomsfield) "non" signals the meaning not when placed before a word. investistigated concrete ling data and organized the data into structured levels for purpose of description Contrastive Analysis e...

What are some examples of cultural norms that affect communication? Gender, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education Why is it important for language learners to also learn the cultural norms associated with a language? ...It's important so that ELL can function and contribute to the dominant culture without fear of alienation or exclusion. To avoid isolation within their own culture. How do cultures vary in terms of norms concerning eye contact? Some cultures expect dir...

English Phonemes 26 letters/ 44 phonemes BF Skinner Behaviorist Theory of Language Learning. Children enter the world as a blank slate and are influenced by the environment. "ope rant conditioning" Schema The framework around information that is stored in the brain. Code switching mixing of words in L1 and L2 Inter-language Strategy used by second language learner to compensate for lack of proficiency Overgeneralization Inter language strategy- attempts...

Which of the following is true about the Migrant Education Program? It currently has programs in every state. Funding for Title III programs in the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) is directly related to outcomes from which of the following court case(s)? Castañeda v. Pickard Lau v. Nicols (U.S. Supreme Court, 1974) determined that ELLs must be given what right? To instruction that they have the skills to understand The primary approach to teaching English to non-native s...