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Toll-like receptor - Pattern recognition receptors that are present on cell surface, recognize microbe parts, result in inflammation; the ones in endosomes trigger anti-viral state Where do Pathogen recognition receptors perform their job? - On cell surface, signals the producing cytokines, inducing the presentation of endothelial adhesion molecules, resulting in inflammation; in endosomes, signals the production of type 1 interferon, inducing anti-viral state What can PRR recognize? - SS...

The majority of the symptoms of tetanus infection are caused by the tetanus toxins, chiefly tetanospasmin. Tetanospasmin is one of the deadliest toxins known; even very small doses (nanograms) can be lethal. It targets the nerves, causing severe muscle spasms. The tetanus vaccine consists of inactivated tetanus toxin; the vaccine is highly effective for preventing tetanus. Inoculation with the tetanus vaccine leads to the production of protective antibodies. How do these antibodies prevent ...

agglutinins - proteins made by the innate IS and found in extracellular matrix fluid and blood -can provide immediate protection by activating complement or agglutinating microbe agglutinin clumping - agglutinins bind microbes and clump them togeth, immobilizing them agglutinin activating complement - agglutinin binds microbe, complement proteins bind to agglutinin arm and microbe, causing it to shrivel up and die 3 pathways for complement activation - classical lectin/agglutinin altern...

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Combined Immunology HMX UPDATED Questions and CORRECT Answers ______________________ is the transfer of tissue/organ from one individual to another - CORRECT ANSWER - Transplantation _________________________ is the transfer of blood cells/blood products from one individual to another - CORRECT ANSWER - Transfusion

HMX Genetics UPDATED Questions and CORRECT Answers Single Nucleotide Variant (SNV) - CORRECT ANSWER - differences in DNA sequence. 46 chromosomes. >1% of population. Common complex traits bp in nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER - 6 billio

HMX Biochemistry Questions and and answers