- Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

1. Clinical Therapeutics/Urology/Renal A 7 year-old boy wets the bed on most nights. Which of the following is the preferred pharmacological agent to decrease the incidence of bed wetting episodes? A. Imipramine (Tofranil) B. Phenytoin (Dilantin) C. Pramipexole (Mirapex) D. Hyoscyamine (Urised) - Answer (c) A. Imipramine is an anti-cholinergic and when given before bedtime has been shown to decrease the incidence of bed wetting. (u) B. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant and is not used in en...

1. History & Physical/Obstetrics/Gynecology A 26 year-old monogamous female presents with cyclic pelvic pain that has been increasing over the last 6 months. She complains of significant dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia. She uses condoms for birth control. On physical examination her uterus is retroverted and nonmobile, and she has a palpable adnexal mass on the left side. Her serum pregnancy test is negative. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Ovarian cancer B. Endometrio...

A 16 year old has just moved schools. He is quiet, moody and not like himself at all. Within six months he seems to have completely changed back to his previous personality. What is the most likely diagnosis? - Answer Adjustment disorder What is the prophylactic antibiotic most commonly given before a dental procedure if one is necessary? - Answer Amoxicillin 2 grams po 1 hour before procedure Wilson's disease is associated with a build up of what mineral? - Answer There is a deficiency o...

An 18-year-old patient has a tibia/fibula fracture following a motorcycle crash. Twelve hours later the patient presents with increased pain despite adequate doses of analgesics and immobilization. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. avascular necrosis B. myositis ossificans C. compartment syndrome D. reflex sympathetic dystrophy - Answer EXPLANATIONS: (u) A. Avascular necrosis occurs primarily in muscles post-traumatically and may not arise for several months after an...

6 y/o male presents w/ hemarthrosis of the L knee. Coag studies: PT 12.5s (normal12-14 sec), INR 1.0, aPTT 58s (normal 18-28 sec), platelet 430,000/microliter (normal 150,000- 450,000/microliter), & bleeding time 4m (normal 2-12m). Which is the best tx option for this pt? A. Desmopressin acetate B. Corticosteroids C. Vitamin K D. Cryoprecipitate - Answer (u) A. Desmopressin acetate is indicated in von Willebrand's disease, which presents with a prolonged bleeding time. (u) B. Corticost...

A 10 year-old female experiences fever and polyarthralgia. On examination you note a new early diastolic murmur. Laboratory results are positive for antistreptolysin O. The patient has no known drug allergies. Which of the following is the recommended prophylaxis for this condition? A. Doxycycline B. Erythromycin C. Benzathine penicillin G D. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole - Answer (u) A. Doxycycline and Bactrim are not indicated for the prophylaxis of recurrent rheumatic fever. (u) B. E...

What test is the single most useful test in establishing the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis? - MRI On physical examination you note diminished breath sounds over the right lower lobe with decreased tactile fremitus and dullness to percussion. Which of the following is the most likely cause? - Pleural Effusion A 38 year-old male sustained a fracture of the left distal tibia following a 25-foot fall and is taken to the operating room for an open reduction internal fixation of the distal tibi...

A 16 year old has just moved schools. He is quiet, moody and not like himself at all. Within six months he seems to have completely changed back to his previous personality. What is the most likely diagnosis? - Adjustment disorder What is the prophylactic antibiotic most commonly given before a dental procedure if one is necessary? - Amoxicillin 2 grams po 1 hour before procedure Wilson's disease is associated with a build up of what mineral? - There is a deficiency of the copper binding ...

History & Physical/Dermatology A patient presents with a rash, characterized by red macules and edematous papules with a clearing center. This best describes which of the following? Answers A. erythema marginatum B. erythema multiforme C. varicella D. impetigo - Explanations (u) A. Erythema marginatum is associated with rheumatic fever and is characterized by macular to maculopapular lesions. A clearing center is not found in the rash. (c) B. Target lesions, also termed iris lesions, a...

Cardiology : Clinical Intervention, Constrictive pericarditis ROSH: Treatment includes NSAIDs, corticosteroids and colchicine. Drainage and antibiotics are usually necessary if an infectious etiology is found. PA EASY: Transthoracic echocardiography, would allow for monitoring of a patient with acute pericarditis, to determine if a pericardial effusion and/or cardiac tamponade develops. Exam Master: Most cases are due to viral infections with the treatment being rest and non-steroidal agen...