Sws3022 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

SWS3022 Exam 1 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified

SWS3022 Lecture 15 Exam | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified

Dimensions of the Earth? -:- D=8,000 C=25,000 What is soil? -:- the upper layer of earth in which plants grow, a black or dark brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles. The parameters related to soil composition for an idealized surface soil? -:- 50% -Solid 50%-Pore Space 45%-Mineral 5%-organic matter Basic functions of soil in the environment? 2 0 2 4 / 2 0 2 5 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Ex...

Know the two principal chemical elements in organic chemical compounds -:- Carbon & Hydrogen (maybe Oxygen) Know the two properties that make certain types of organic chemicals highly water soluble. -:- Polarity & Electrical Charge Understand basically the impediments to water solubility for non-ionic hydrophobic organic compounds. -:- a. Solubility: The ease with which substances dissolve in water; the degree to which organic contaminants impact soil and water quality often is relat...

What is mineral formation? -:- When aluminosilicates dervive charge from substitution of lower-charged cations for higher charged cations in the crystal matrix What charge results from mineral formation? -:- permanent negative charge What substitution happens during mineral formation? -:- - Al3+ for Si4+ - Mg2+ for Al3+ What do charges on silicate crystal edges and on Al/Fe oxides depend on? -:- protonation and deprotonation (results in variable, pH-dependent charge What do organi...

What are the important soil solution constituents of inorganic soils? -:- can contain carbon, but are not based on carbon; simple - metals, chemical nutrients, acids - all ionic What are the important soil solution constituents of organic soils? -:- compounds of carbon; dominated by C, H, and O; complex - covalently bonded - can be natural or synthetic How do ions differ from the elements in the periodic table? -:- Elements in the periodic table are electrically neutral. Ions are sta...

What are the Soil Master Horizons? -:- O A E B C R The O MASTER HORIZON -:- Greater than 20% OM Organic horizon formed above the mineral soil. Derived from decomposition of plant and animal residues 2 0 2 4 / 2 0 2 5 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel! 2 | P a g e | G r a d e A + | 2 0 2 4 / 2 0 2 5 Range in thickness from absent to meters thick. The A MASTER HORIZON -:- Topmost MINERAL horizon (topsoil) Subject to significant weathering Zo...

What are the components to Munsell Soil Color? -:- Hue, Value, Chroma What does each component to the Munsell Soil Color indicate? -:- Hue - Dominant spectra color on a given page Value - Light/dark (the lower the number, the darker the color) Chroma - Intensity/Brightness of color Say I have a munsell soil color of 10YR 5/6, which of these parts represents the hue, value, and chroma? -:- The 10YR represents the Hue The 5/ represents the Value The /6 represents the chroma 2 0 2 4 ...

Note the various forms of N -:- 1. Ammonium (NH4+) cation in the soil solution and fixed in secondary clays 2. Nitrate (NO3-) anion in the soil solution 3. Organic N in the soil 4. Ammonia (NH3) gas (released to atmosphere) 5. NO, N2O, N2 gases (released to atmosphere) anion- nitrogen -:- it is not held by soil colloids and can be lost from the soil through leaching. However in well aerated soils (plenty of oxygen), most of the NH4+-N (applied for example as fertilizer) changes to the...