Cytokine - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

CLUES TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW T HELPER CELL LINEAGE PRODUCING IL-17 The first suggestion of a new T helper subset, distinct from Th1 and Th2, was provided by the finding of T CD4+ cells producing high levels of IL-17 without expression of IFN-γ or IL-4, the respective prototype cytokines produced by Th1 and Th2(19). Other important clues were supplied by studies on animal models of autoimmunity. Pathologies such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and collagen-ind...

Which cytokine has some anti-inflammatory effects? A. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) B. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) C. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) D. None of the above; all cytokines have pro-inflammatory effects Correct Answer-B. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) B lymphocytes provide humoral immunity through which process? A. Direct cell lysis B. Initiating an inflammatory response C. Production of antibodies D. Secretion of perforins Correct Answer-C. Production of antibodies Which chara...

ONS Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate with complete solution(2023- 2024) 3 major phases of cell division:answer- Interphase Mitotic phase Cytokinesis 3 steps of interphase:answer- First growth phase (G1) Synthesis phase (S phase) Second growth phase (G2) 4 phases of mitosis:answer- Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Innate immunity:answer- Non-specific response, either: 1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut) 2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural kille...

HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - Answer-can use urine, saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure to see antibodies, >99% accurate 4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard" measures P24 antigen can test 10 days post exposure Mast cell - Answer-Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process. Histamine - Answer-Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, i...

Pathophysiology Exam 2 Practice Questions and answers rated A+ 2024 Pathophysiology Exam 2 Practice Questions Antigen-presenting cells function to a. display foreign antigen on their cell surfaces bound to MHC. b. stimulate cytokine production by macrophages. c. phagocytose and degrade foreign antigens. d. initiate the complement cascade by way of the alternative pathway. - correct answer ANS: A Antigen-presenting cells function to display foreign antigen on their cell surfaces boun...

ASCP MLS Exam Questions Solved 100% Correct If a bacteria produces the enzyme tryptophanase to break down the amino acid tryptophan, which of the following tests will be positive with Kovacs reagent? (Answer: -Indole test The mediator cells that bind MOST to IgE antibodies are: (Answer: -Basophiles Dolichos biflorus: (Answer: -Anti-A1 lectin is extracted from the seeds of Dolichos biflorus. This reagent will agglutinate A1 cells, but not A2 cells Myelodysplastic syndromes can Best be...

Exam 1: NSG555/ NSG 555 (New 2024/ 2025 Update) - Nurse Practitioners in Primary Care II Complete Guide | Questions and Verified Answers| All Modules Covered|100% Correct| A Grade QUESTION Asthma definition/epidemiology chronic inflammatory disorder--inc. responsivenes of tracheobronchial tree to various stimuli->episodic reversible narroving and inflammation of the airways QUESTION pathophysiology of asthma Answer: -airway inflammation, bronchial h...

The radiograph I thought was ghost teeth - correct answer Amelogenesis Imperfecta Purpose of dialysis - correct answer Remove potential toxicities from blood IL-1 - correct answer Inflammatory cytokine Cyclosporine - correct answer Immunosuppressant used in transplant patients. Causes gingival hyperplasia Periodontal disease and diabetes - correct answer Glucose level increased Cause for cement failure - correct answer Increased solubility Before trimming teeth on s...

What is Clostridium difficile? - A bacteria that causes infectious diarrhea / colitis. It can occur when antibiotics "wipe-out" a person's normal gut flora. It is often considered to be a nosocomial or hospital acquired infection. What happens when there is too much immunity? - allergy autommune disease acute inflammation-sepssi, cytokine storm What are the 3 stages of immunity? - Intrinsic Innate Acquired what are the ways we prevent infection and bacteria from skin level? - O...

HMX Immunology Final Exam Study Guide With Questions And Answers Graded A+ Tissue resident sentinel cells include (3 types) Dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast cells Circulating leukocytes involved in innate response (2 types) Monocytes and neutrophils Phagocytic immune cells (2 types) Macrophages and neutrophils Difference between macrophages and neutrophils? Neutrophils are short lived and will undergo apoptosis after eating a microbe; macrophages are longer-lived and wi...