Boltzmann equation - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries
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AQA A-level Chemistry paper 2 Questions & Correct Answers/ Graded A+
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elative atomic mass (Ar) 
: Average mass of an atom compared with one twelth of the mass of an atom of carbon 
12 
Electronegativity 
: Power of an atom to attract the pair of electrons in a covalent bond 
Standard enthalpy of combustion 
: Enthalpy change when 1 mole of a substance burns completely in oxygen under 
standard conditions with all reactants and products being in their standard state 
Standard enthalpy of formation 
: Enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is formed from it's ...
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ON Curriculum - Course Notes Gr 12 Chemistry
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Covers in-depth complete course notes for grade 12 chemistry (university level). Includes topics: 
 
1. Structure and Properties of Matter 
- History of the Atomic Theory 
- Various historic models and theories 
- Electromagnetic Spectrum 
- Schrodigner’s Equation 
- Quantum chemistry 
- VESPR 
 
2. Energy Changes and Rates of Reaction 
- Laws of thermodynamics 
- Enthalpy 
- Calorimetry and Calorimeters 
- Hess' law 
- Reaction types 
- Rates of reaction 
- Collision theory 
- Maxwell-Boltz...
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Physics OCR A Level Module 5: Newtonian World and Astrophysics: Questions with Complete Solutions
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Absolute Temperature 
A temperature value relative to absolute zero. 
Absolute Zero 
The lowest possible temperature of a system, where no heat remains and the particles in the system 
have no kinetic energy. 
Avogadro Constant 
The number of particles that make up one mole of any gas. 
Boltzmann Constant 
A constant relating the average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas, to the gas’ temperature. 
Boyle’s Law 
The pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume when ...
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BIO 320 EXAM 2 QUESTONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
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Convection - *Transfer of heat by movement of liquids and gases (Molecules of air or water next 
to warm surface gain energy and move away from surface)*When environment is cold, organism warms 
it's boundary layer which reduces heat loss but current of air can disrupt layer and carry away heat by 
convection (wind chill) 
Radiation - *Emission of electromagnetic energy by surface (i.e. sun) 
*When objects are warmed by radiation, they emit lower-energy radiation as infrared light 
*The temp of...
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CHEM 107 Ch. 17: Free Energy and Thermodynamics Exam 4 || Questions & Answers (100% Verified)
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CHEM 107 Ch. 17: Free Energy and Thermodynamics Exam 4 || Questions & Answers (100% Verified) 
CHEM 107 Ch. 17: Free Energy and Thermodynamics Exam 4 || Questions & Answers (100% Verified) 
 
kinetics, equilibrium, thermodynamics - ANSWER - kinetics: rate = k[A][B] how fast? 
equilibrium: how far? 
thermodynamics: will it occur? 
 
spontaneous process - ANSWER - occurs w/o ongoing outside intervention 
- seeking lowest potential energy 
 
non-spontaneous process - ANSWER - does not mean impossib...
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Heat Transfer EXAM Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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Heat Transfer EXAM Questions and 
Answers 100% Solved 
In a/an __________ system, energy can be transferred by heat and work but not mass. 
Closed (control mass) 
When heat transfer rate is expressed per unit area, it is called _______. Heat flux 
Write the name of the law that governs this expression and state which mode of heat transfer is 
governed by it. 
q" = -k*(dT/dx) Fourier's Law - (mode) conduction 
Write the name of the law that governs this expression and state which mode of he...
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Plasma Physics Exam 2024
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Plasma Physics Exam 2024 
1.5	Plasma Frequency 
The plasma frequency, 
	2 = ne2 ,	(1.5) 
ωp ǫ0 m 
is the most fundamental time-scale in plasma physics. Clearly, there is a different plasma frequency for each species. However, the relatively fast electron frequency is, by far, the most important, and references to “the plasma frequency” in text-books invariably mean the electron plasma frequency. 
It is easily seen that ωp corresponds to the typical electrostatic oscillation frequency of a...
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The Energetics of Life Exam Questions with Latest Update
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System - ANSWER-A system in thermodynamics is a space that may be defined as being isolated, meaning unable to exchange energy and matter with its environment, or closed, meaning it can exchange energy but not matter, and an open system that can exchange both. 
 
Any system contain internal energy that is defined by the state of that system. This thermodynamic state can be described by all substances and any two of the three variables: temperature, pressure, and volume. 
 
In an open or closed ...
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SWI QSM lecture (tugan) Questions With Complete Solutions
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First things first, know what SWI and QSM stand for.. correct answer: SWI: suceptability weighted imaging 
QSM: Quantitative suceptability mapping 
 
What 2 things is SWI good at detecting? correct answer: Iron Deposition and Calcification 
 
What two very general catagories can you break the magnetic suceptability of a tissue into? correct answer: Paramagnetic components and diamagnetic components 
 
What sort of molecules contribute to the paramagnetic component? correct answer: The parama...
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Chemistry Physical - A Level (OCR) (C0RRECTLY SOLVED)
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What is the equation that relates rate, change in concentration and time. correct answers Rate = change in concentration ÷ time. 
 
How to find the units of the rate constant? correct answers 1. Rearrange the equation to make k the subject. 
2. Substitute units into the expression of k 
3. Cancel common units and show the final units on a single line. 
 
What is the definition of half life? 
Which order has a constant half life? correct answers Half life: is the time taken for half of a reactan...
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