Micr221 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

MICR221 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS Define death of microorganisms - Answer-Loss of ability to multiply under any known conditions Define sterilisation - Answer-Complete removal or destruction of all microorganisms from inanimate objects. Non-selective physical and chemical methods Define disinfection - Answer-Destruction or removal of microorganisms (but not bacterial endospores) on inanimate objects by physical or chemical methods Define antisepsis - Answer-Chemicals ap...

MICR221 TEST QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS Define disinfectant - Answer-Chemicals that are capable of killing microorganisms, cannot be applied to tissues, in the laboratory they are applied to inanimate surfaces and used in discard jars and buckets Define antiseptics - Answer-Chemical agents that kill or inhibit growth of microorganisms and are sufficiently non-toxic to be applied to living tissues Define preservatives - Answer-Included in pharmaceutical preparations or foods to pr...

MICR221 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS AB toxins - Answer-A has toxic enzymatic activity and B binds to receptors on host cells so A can be internalised by endocytosis botulinum toxin - Answer-blocks release of acteylcholine from stimulatory motor neurons so no muscle contraction and flaccid paralysis tetanus toxin - Answer-blocks release of glycine (stops acetylcholine release) from inhibitory interneurons stimulating muscle contraction (uncontrolled) how botulinum an...

MICR221 MIDTERM TEST QUESTIONS WITH ALL ANSWERS VERIFIED Extracellular Polysaccharide - Answer-Capsule! - not every bacteria -often lost in lab - ex. slime found in lungs of CF patients (pseudomonas aerginosa) is due to capsule - this is why antibiotics don't really work - can't get through capsule - protects from desiccation (98% water) - protects from predation - helps cell adhere to surfaces - but bio fouling is bad! Capsule gene organization - Answer-Region 1 - (5 genes) - tran...

MICR221 TESTED QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ALL CORRECT what transport system traps substrate through the movement of phosphate through a cascade complex - Answer-phosphotransferase what transport family uses ATP to move substrate in and out of the cell - Answer-ATP binding casette family why can bacteria that passively diffuse out compete bacteria that actively diffuse in certain environements - Answer-while active bacteria have to split ATP into growing and consuming nutrients, bacteria that...

MICR221 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CERTIFIED ANSWERS What are the two classes of transport proteins - Answer-B-barrel and a-helicle bundle How do Amphiphatic Transport proteins get their name - Answer-They need to function in hydrophobic conditions (bilipid layer) and have a hydrophilic core for transport.. What are the 3 main types of active transporters - Answer-- Major facilitator Superfamily (MFS) - ATP binding cassette (ABC) superfamily - Group translocation (phosphotransferase system)...

MICR221 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH REVISED ANSWERS Commensal/Mutualistic bacteria of the GI tract - Answer-Lactobacillus, Bacteriodes, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Escherichia, Enterococcus Anaerobes in large intestine - Answer-Bacteriodes, Bifidobacterium, and Clostridium Bacteria adapted to stomach's low pH - Answer-Helicobacter Urease - Answer-Enzyme used for acid tolerance by Helicobacter Aerobes - Answer-Require molecular oxygen and final electron acceptor is oxygen. Anaerobes -...

MICR2221 Medical Immunology questions with correct answers

extracellular pathogens - Answer grow outside cells in blood, tissue fluids eg fungi and parasites intracellular pathogens - Answer pathogens that are able to grow and reproduce within eukaryotic host cells innate immune system - Answer non specific germline myeloid and lymphoid immediate response complement adaptive immune system - Answer specific requires expose for memory T and B lymphocytes lag time from exposure to response Haematopoiesis - Answer blood ...

MICR221 Exam Questions With Correct Answers How do you tell if bacteria is dead or alive - answerCulturing it on an argar to see if it grows K-type strategist - answerSlow growing Food preserving Longer lasting r-type strategist - answerMuch faster growing bacteria, Wastes food faster than it can reproduce Latent infection - answerDormant infection of virus/bacteria until immune system in compromised -> lead to full blown infection What is persistence in bacteria and what are its ke...