Pnb 2250 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

PNB 2250 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED Which statement is true? a. Heme is commonly found within seawater b. Heme-based proteins played a key role in the metabolism of carbon dioxide into forms less toxic to cells. c. Heme-based proteins likely developed as a means by which Fe was transported safely. d. Oxygen binding to heme is insensitive to the presence of acid in mammals. e. Early anaerobic life used heme-based proteins to minimize oxygen toxicity. (e) Early anaerobi...

Which statement is true? a. Heme is commonly found within seawater b. Heme-based proteins played a key role in the metabolism of carbon dioxide into forms less toxic to cells. c. Heme-based proteins likely developed as a means by which Fe was transported safely. d. Oxygen binding to heme is insensitive to the presence of acid in mammals. e. Early anaerobic life used heme-based proteins to minimize oxygen toxicity. (e) Early anaerobic life used heme-based proteins to minimize oxygen toxici...

Name an animal that has neither a circulatory system nor a respiratory system and relies solely on cutaneous diffusion for gas exchange. How is this adequate for its survival? - Small and thin animals, like flatworms and horsehair worm parasites, have no respiratory or circulatory systems and solely rely on cutaneous/cuticle diffusion through water or air. Examples of respiratory structures of aquatic animals - bulk flow (sponges, cnidarians), gills, water vascular system, arborescent respi...

Respiratory proteins ...(E1) a. increase the carbon dioxide carrying capacity of water up to 50-fold. b. have a fixed affinity for oxygen c. depend on carbonic anhydrase to transport oxygen d. must contain iron. e. are not accurately described by any of the above statements - (e) are not accurately described by any of the above statements What is an advantage of a closed circulatory system? (E1) a. Blood can flow in any direction within a blood vessel. b. It requires less blood volume t...

control system components of homeostasis - (1) sensor (protein based) (2) controller (3) effector (changes physiological variable) physical factors of animals - (1) energy input (cost/benefit ratio) (2) waste removal (3) growth and development (4) impacts of physics, chemistry, geometry on body form convergent evolution - organisms independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments limited solutions to the same problem analogous structures - flig...

PNB 2250 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH 100% PERFECT ANSWERS BASED ON LECTURES 1-7

what animals must do? - - Mechanism for excreting waste - Mechanism for development and growth - Energy input Disadvantage of multicellularity - Need special cell/cell connections Need for cell/cell communication Need system for distribution of nutrients What traits to animals share? - Eukaryotic, heterotrophic, able to move Why is the fossil record incomplete? - Needs to die near water, fossilization process needs to be in a situation where there's no oxygen present, rapidly covered in...

three frameworks of comparative systems - -Form & function of the parts under investigation -Phylogenetic diversity & evolution of the system in different taxa -Ecophysiology Tech designs vs living systems - -Technological advancement is an evolutionary progression -Organisms are impressive, beautiful & awe-inspiring >Exceedingly complex in architecture & functional adaptations >Appropriate to speak of life forms having "design" Emergent properties of animal physiology - - Atoms ...

What traits to animals share? -:- Eukaryotic, heterotrophic, able to move Cell to cell connections in plants -:- Plasmodesmo, flow of nutrients between cells Cell to cell connections animals -:- Tight junctions, strong connection Some multicellularity advantages -:- Cells have dedicated tasks (increase efficiency) Not all genes expressed (saves energy) Cells are further away from surface, ease on homeostasis Disadvantage of multicellularity -:- Need special cell/cell connections ...

Examples of respiratory structures of terrestrial animals -:- bulk flow with tracheal system and spiracles (insects), cutaneous (frog) Examples of respiratory structures of aquatic animals -:- bulk flow (sponges, cnidarians), gills, water vascular system, arborescent respiratory trees (sea cucumber), cutaneous (leech) Do all aquatic animals necessarily exchange gasses in water? -:- No, some aquatic animals could exchange gasses above water using lungs, like aquatic mammals, or cuta...