Expert Minds

Acute toxicity (Ans - When the toxic effect of single or multiple exposures to a chemical result in sudden adverse effects, usually within 14 days of administration. a) Establishing the health risks from acute toxicity is usually simpler and easier compared to chronic toxicity. Chronic toxicity (Ans - Occurs over a longer period and the adverse effects are less obvious. a) Establishing the health risks of chronic toxicity can be challenging because factors such as aging, exposure to ot...

What do enzymes do? (Ans - speed up chemical reactions how do enzymes work? (Ans - lower activation energy needed what do enzymes NOT do? (Ans - change the free energy or delta G activation energy (Ans - energy required to start a reaction transition state (Ans - reactive mode of the reactant after a significant amount of energy has initiated a reaction transition state intermediate (Ans - unstable reactions with higher free energySubstrates (Ans - AKA reactants, molecules on which ...

A solution with a pH of 9 is how many times more basic than a solution with a pH of 7 (Ans- 100 In a chemical equation, the chemicals to the left of the arrow are (Ans- Reactants An atom that gains or loses electrons is called an (Ans- Ion Both atoms exert the same pull-on shared electrons (Ans- Nonpolar covalent bonds Cation ions are formed by (Ans- Oxidation reactions Sodium is bonded to chlorine in the formation of sodium chloride by what type of chemical bond (Ans- IonicWater is...

What is Atelectasis? (Ans- complete or partial collapse of a lung What causes Atelectasis? (Ans- blockage or collapse of air passages in at least one lobe of the lungs What is Acute pain? (Ans- Pain that results from an acute injury, has rapid onset, & short duration, subsides when the injury is healed What is cancer pain? (Ans- Pain that stems from cancer or cancer treatment (tumor pressing on bone or nerves, organ obstruction, toxicity from chemo) What is Noncancer pain? (Ans- Acut...

what are characteristics of pitfalls that occur during the assessment phase? (Ans- too many or inadequate data, unreliable or invalid data, insufficient number of cues available to support client concerns what pitfall occurs during the analysis of data phase? (Ans- cues may be clustered by unrelated to each other what are other common errors in clinical judgement? (Ans- quickly making clinical judgement without hypothesizing several possibilities and incorrectly wording clinical judgemen...

What is the effect of prolactin on the body? (Ans- Milk production What is the effect of Estrogen on the body? (AnsPurpose is for growth of the fetus -Increase blood flow to the uterus -Softens the cervix -Develops the breast in prep for lactation What is the effect of Progesterone on the body? (Ans- Smooth muscle relaxer What are things to teach the mother during pregnancy? (Ans- -No changing of cat litter -May take a tub bath unless they have a ROM -Should not eat raw meatsWhat is...

what are the three different types of transmission precautions? (Ans- 1. contact 2. droplet 3. airborne used for known or suspected contagious disease examples: multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs), draining wounds, enteric diseases (stomach), scabies, herpes simplex PPE required: gown and gloves limit movement of patient out of the room, avoid sharing patient-care equipment (Ans- contact precautions infections spread by large-particle droplets examples: influenza, rubella, mumpstr...

The pulse oximeter measures a patient's blood oxygen based on which properties of hemoglobin? (Ans- deoxygenated hemoglobin absorbs more red light than oxygenated hemoglobin Which body areas are best for measuring the blood levels of an adult patient (Ans- finger, toe, pinna the pulse oximetry reading indicates which physiological measure (Ans- how much oxygen the blood is carrying What is one limitation to most self-reporting pain scales relating to the patient's perception of p...

The nurse administers morphine to a client after surgery to help manage pain even though morphine has a risk of creating dependence and addiction. What ethical principle does the nurse apply in this situation when planning care? A) Veracity B) Justice C) Autonomy D) Beneficence (Ans- D) Beneficence Every year, the nurse attends a nursing conference and takes several continuing education courses to help maintain licensure. Which section of the ICN Code of Ethics does this uphold? A) N...

stress incontinence (Ans- loss of urine control during activity or coughing, sneezing, or laughing urge incontinence (Ans- a sudden strong urge to void, with rapid bladder contraction that does not allow enough time to get to the toilet before urinating mixed incontinence (Ans- a combination of both stress and urge incontinence functional incontinence (Ans- - lack of urine control in the absence of any abnormalities - includes impaired mobility, inability to unfasten clothing overflo...