Lecturervince8

A 10-year-old boy complains of sudden onset of scrotal pain upon awakening that morning. He is also complaining of severe nausea and vomiting. During the physical examination, the nurse practitioner finds a tender, warm, and swollen left scrotum. The cremasteric reflex is negative and the urine dipstick is negative for leukocytes, nitrites, and blood. - ANSWER-Testicular torsion A 10-year-old boy complains of sudden onset of scrotal pain upon awakening that morning. He is also complaining o...

Incidence of Fever - ANSWER-One of most common reasons for parents to seek medical care. Preschoolers have an average 6-8 febrile illnesses a year. Definition of fever - ANSWER-Rectal temperature ≥ 100.4°F Tympanic temperature - ANSWER-Not accurate in infants under 3 months Fever Causes - ANSWER-Most common Benign viral illness, can also caused by bacterial or fungal infections, drug reactions including immunizations, malignancies, autoimmune or metabolic disorders, CNS disorders, exces...

Physical examination - ANSWER-- Inspection - Palpation - Percussion - Auscultation Observe pattern of breathing - ANSWER-- RR (12-14rr/min) - Rhythm (regular with a sigh every 90 breaths or so) - Depth of breathing / tidal volume (5ml/kg) - Relative time spent inspiration and expiration (ratio 2:3) Inspect for extrapulmonary signs of pulmonary disease - ANSWER-Use what you find to perform more detailed exam Palpate - ANSWER-- Trachea at suprasternal notch - Posterior chest wall (gauge...

Kussmaul Respirations - ANSWER-Large volume, deep, and rapid breathing. Metabolic acidosis. Cheyne-Stokes Respirations - ANSWER-Rythmic, waxing/waning of rate and TV, regular periods of apnea. Can be seen those with left-sided heart failure, stroke, or dying. Dull Percussion - ANSWER-Lung consolidation, pleural effusion, tumors, pneumonia. Fluid or solid tissue. Hyperresonance Percussion - ANSWER-Emphysema, Pneumothorax, COPD Bronchial lung sounds heard over periphery of lung - ANSWER-Imply...

Myopia - ANSWER-nearsightedness. objects nearby are in focus, distant objects are blurred. focus is anterior to retina. Need divergent lenses Hyperopia - ANSWER-farsightedness. Infants have a hyperoptic reaction that diminshes in toddler years. Can lead to crossed eyed (esotropia) and amblyopia (loss of vision) Astigmatism - ANSWER-Cornea or lens is not perfectly spherical, the image will be in 2 planes. can lead to decreased vision Aniscoria - ANSWER-Size difference between 2 pupils. Ocu...

anticipatory guidance - ANSWER-Patient/family counseling which includes information, advice, and suggestions about expected health-related life occurrences, health maintenance, and preventive plans. where should pediatric history information be obtained from? - ANSWER-both patient and parent; obtain as much as possible from patient to give child a degree of control over a potentially threatening situation order of pediatric physical examination - ANSWER-1. inspection first, from afar; exami...

components of physical respiratory exam - ANSWER-IPPA: inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation ratio of time spent in inspiration/expiration - ANSWER-ratio of 2:3 what should you palpate on a respiratory exam? - ANSWER-- trachea at suprasternal notch - posterior chest wall to gauge fremitus / transmission of spoken words through lungs - anterior chest wall (assess cardiac impulse) what do pulmonary function tests do? - ANSWER-measures: - air flow rates - lung volumes - ability o...

Puberty - ANSWER-the rapid growth b/w the ages of 11 to 14 including secondary sex characteristics When puberty ends - ANSWER-adolescence starts Major changes associated w/ puberty - ANSWER-rapid growth, body proportion changes, and primary + secondary sex characteristics Primary sex characteristics - ANSWER-sex glands Female primary sex characteristics - ANSWER-ovaries produces ova Male primary characteristics - ANSWER-testes produces sperm Secondary sex characteristics - ANSWER-pubic/un...

Dumb Kings Play Chess On Fridays Generally Speaking - ANSWER-Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Family Genus Species Groups in Domain Bacteria - ANSWER-Group Cyanobacteria Group Gram positive Group Spirochaetes Group Chlamydias Group Proteobacteria Group Cyanobacteria - ANSWER-("blue-green algae", photosynthetic) Anabaenaº, Gloeocapsaº, Nostocº, Oscillatoriaº Group Gram Positive - ANSWER-(cocci & bacilli shape, endospore formers) Streptococcusº Group Spirochaetes - ANSWER-(flexible sp...

Explain the endosymbiotic event that gave rise to Supergroup Archaeplastida. - ANSWER-A heterotrophic protist (eukaryote) acquired a cyanobacterial endosymbiont. The descendants of this ancient protist evolved into red algae and green algae Draw and label the entire clade for Archaeplastida. - ANSWER-FIGURE>>>> Why are red algae red? - ANSWER-Red algae are red because of the pigment phycoerythrin which masks green chlorophyll pigments. Their color varies from greenish-red in sha...