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Which one of the following is involved in the breakdown of glycogen? A. Amylase B. ATP C. Inorganic phosphate D. phosphofructokinase correct answers C. Inorganic phosphate Which enzyme catalyzes the formation of alpha(1,6) linkages during glycogen synthesis? A. Glycogen synthase B. Glycogen phosphorylase C. Branching enzyme D. Debranching enzyme correct answers C. Branching enzyme The activation of glycogen phosphorylase will lead to a(n) ____ in blood glucose concentrations and is...

Choose the ONE true statement referring to the following coupled reactions: correct answers Rxn2 (B↔C) is unfavorable in the forward direction on its own, but if coupled to Rxn3 (C↔D), the overall conversion of B to D will occur. Which of the following is the correct formula for glucose? correct answers C6H12O6 The example of water freezing into ice is an example of _______________. correct answers a decrease in entropy of the system. What chemical process is able to take place in t...

What would be the effect of a mutation in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase gene that decreased the rate of mismatches? correct answers Any decrease in the error rate of HIVRT would result in an overall decrease in the rate of viral mutations. This would probably not be an advantage for the virus, as the relatively high error rate often helps to thwart the use of antiviral drugs. Approximately how many ATP are required by helicase for the replication of the E. coli chromosome? correct answers B...

What must be constant for a living organism to maintain a homeostatic condition that is far from equilibrium? correct answers constant input of energy What do living systems abide by? correct answers the Laws of Thermodynamics; the spontaneity of biochemical reactions is expressed as ΔGo' in kJ/mol energy charge correct answers a measure of [ATP], [ADP], and [AMP] in the cell and reflects the amount of ATP for metabolic reactions The energy available from redox reactions due to what? ...

In the Krebs bicycle, which of the following citrate cycle intermediates links to the urea cycle via argininosuccinate? correct answers Fumarate Which of the following is correct and most accurately describes the complete urea cycle of the eukaryotic cell? correct answers The urea cycle occurs between the mitochondrial matrix and the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. Which cellular change(s) would not encourage the Krebs bicycle and thus the probability of the urea cycle taking place to co...

who typically has a positive nitrogen balance? correct answers young children and pregnant women what is negative nitrogen balance a sign of? correct answers disease or starvation what is nitrogen balance? correct answers the amount of daily nitrogen intake is equal to the amount of nitrogen lost by excretion when food enters the stomach through the esophagus, it stimulates the release of _____, a small peptide hormone synthesized in the mucosal cells that line the stomach correct answe...

The amount of cholesterol in cell membranes varies from ~40% of lipids in the ______________ membrane to ~10% of lipids in the __________________ membranes correct answers The amount of cholesterol in cell membranes varies from ~40% of lipids in the plasma membrane to ~10% of lipids in the endoplasmic reticulum membranes What do high local concentrations of cholesterol do to phospholipids and membrane fluidity? correct answers prevent lateral movement of phospholipids and decrease membrane fl...

The cytochrome b6f complex of the photosynthetic electron transport system is responsible for translocating 8 H+ into the thylakoid space from the stroma. However, a total of 12 H+ accumulate inside the thylakoid space as a result of photon absorption by PSII and PSI. What is the origin of the other 4 H+? correct answers The oxidation of 2 H2O to form O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e- Raffinose-series oligosaccharides are hard for humans to digest because correct answers humans do not have the enzyme necessar...

Protons are pumped by mitochondria during active electron transport correct answers outside the inner mitochondrial membrane. As electrons from NADH pass through the electron transport system, correct answers protons are pumped across the mitochondrial membrane to create a pH gradient. The first enzyme in the electron transport system is referred to as complex I, otherwise known as correct answers NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Which statement is true of the mitochondrial electron tran...

The Biosphere 2 project, in Tucson, Arizona, was an experiment involving a large sealed terrarium with humans and photosynthetic plants living in balance. Why did the project have to be interrupted after only a few months? Levels of CO2 rose to dangerous levels. The humans ran out of food. The plants stopped producing oxygen. The rate of photosynthesis was too high correct answers Levels of CO2 rose to dangerous levels The __________ is driven directly by photo- ns from the sun in photo...