Test 4 NURS 327 Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)

Test 4 NURS 327 Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass) A client with status asthmaticus requires endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Twenty-four hours after intubation, the client is started on the insulin infusion protocol. The nurse must monitor the client's blood glucose levels hourly and watch for which early signs and symptoms associated with hypoglycemia? Sweating, tremors, and tachycardia Dry skin, bradycardia, and somnolence Bradycardia, thirst, and anxiety Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia - ️️ Sweating, tremors, and tachycardia Explanation: Sweating, tremors, and tachycardia, thirst, and anxiety are early signs of hypoglycemia. Dry skin, bradycardia, and somnolence are signs and symptoms associated with ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Saturday, August 3, 2024 7:34 AM WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSIRTY- (WV) : 26506 2 hypothyroidism. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia are signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus. The nurse suspects that a patient with diabetes has developed proliferative retinopathy. The nurse confirms this by the presence of which of the following diagnostic signs? Decreased capillary permeability Microaneurysm formation Neovascularization into the vitreous humor The leakage of capillary wall fragments into surrounding areas - ️️ Neovascularization into the vitreous humor Explanation: Proliferative retinopathy, an ocular complication of diabetes, occurs because of the abnormal growth of new blood vessels on the retina that bleed into the vitreous and block light. Blood vessels in the vitreous form scar tissue that can pull and detach the retina. Neovascularization into the vitreous humor is considered a diagnostic sign. A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which finding suggests that the client has developed hyperglycemia? Cheyne-Stokes respirations ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Saturday, August 3, 2024 7:34 AM WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSIRTY- (WV) : 26506 3 Increased urine output Decreased appetite Diaphoresis - ️️ Increased urine output Explanation: Glucose supplies most of the calories in TPN; if the glucose infusion rate exceeds the client's rate of glucose metabolism, hyperglycemia arises. When the renal threshold for glucose reabsorption is exceeded, osmotic diuresis occurs, causing an increased urine output. A decreased appetite and diaphoresis suggest hypoglycemia, not hyperglycemia. Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by a period of apnea lasting 10 to 60 seconds, followed by gradually increasing depth and frequency of respirations. Cheyne-Stokes respirations typically occur with cerebral depression or heart failure. A nurse is preparing a continuous insulin infusion for a child with diabetic ketoacidosis and a blood glucose level of 800 mg/dl. Which solution is the most appropriate at the beginning of therapy? 100 units of regular insulin in normal saline solution 100 units of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in normal saline solution 100 units of regular insulin in dextrose 5% in water ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Saturday, August 3, 2024 7:34 AM WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSIRTY- (WV) : 26506 4 100 units of NPH insulin in dextrose 5% in water - ️️ 100 units of regular insulin in normal saline solution Explanation: Continuous insulin infusions use only short-acting regular insulin. Insulin is added to normal saline solution and administered until the client's blood glucose level falls. Further along in the therapy, a dextrose solution is administered to prevent hypoglycemia. A nurse is educating a client about the benefits of fruit versus fruit juice in the diabetic diet. The client states, "What difference does it make if you drink the juice or eat the fruit? It is all the same." What are the best responses by the nurse? Select all that apply. "Eating the fruit instead of drinking juice decreases the glycemic index by slowing absorption." "Eating the fruit is more satisfying than drinking the juice. You will get full faster." "Eating the fruit will give you more vitamins and minerals than the juice will." "Eating the fruit will lead to hyperglycemia and the fruit juice will not lead to hyperglycemia." "The fruit has less sugar than the juice." - ️️ "Eating the fruit instead of drinking juice decreases the glycemic index by slowing absorption." ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Saturday, August 3, 2024 7:34 AM WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSIRTY- (WV) : 26506 5 "The fruit has less sugar than the juice." Explanation: Eating whole fruit instead of drinking juice decreases the glycemic index, because fiber in the fruit slows absorption. A serving of juice has more sugar than a serving of fruit. Whether a fruit is more satisfying and has more vitamins and minerals than the fruit's juice are dependent on the types of fruit and juices. Eating fruit does not lead to hyperglycemia. A client is receiving insulin lispro at 7:30 AM. The nurse ensures that the client has breakfast by which time? 7:45 AM 8:00 AM 8:15 AM 8:30 AM - ️️ 7:45 AM Explanation: ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Saturday, August 3, 2024 7:34 AM WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSIRTY- (WV) : 26506 6 Insulin lispro has an onset of 5 to 15 minutes. Therefore, the nurse would need to ensure that the client has his breakfast by 7:45 AM at the latest. Otherwise, the client may experience hypoglycemia. A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes mellitus about self-management of his condition. The nurse should instruct the client to administer 1 unit of insulin for every: 10 g of carbohydrates. 15 g of carbohydrates. 20 g of carbohydrates. 25 g of carbohydrates. - ️️ 15 g of carbohydrates. Explanation: The nurse should instruct the client to administer 1 unit of insulin for every 15 g of carbohydrates. An obese Hispanic client, age 65, is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which