Dit is een volledige samenvatting van het vak Public policy uit de eerste bachelor en het schakeljaar/ voorbereidingsprogramma van Bestuurskunde en public management. In de samenvatting zitten de slides verwerkt, aangevuld met eigen notities en het boek waar nodig. Ook is er telkens bijgeschreven w...
SV PUBLIC POLICY 2024-2025
Inhoudsopgave
les 1: public policy, overheidsbeleid...................................................................................5
Public Administration RESEARCH WHY are we here?.......................................................5
today’s policy points........................................................................................................ 6
what is public policy?....................................................................................................... 6
policy making.................................................................................................................. 7
object of policy making................................................................................................. 7
policy in your daily life.................................................................................................. 7
types of public policy.................................................................................................... 8
approaches to policy.................................................................................................... 9
Why does government pursue policy?.............................................................................9
public policy why?........................................................................................................ 9
problems?................................................................................................................... 10
collective needs.......................................................................................................... 10
Knowledge for public policy: Context..........................................................................10
ambitions into policies................................................................................................ 10
who is involved?............................................................................................................ 11
actors......................................................................................................................... 11
basic triangle of policy actors.....................................................................................12
self-reflection.............................................................................................................. 13
policy in practice........................................................................................................ 13
How does government policy TAKE SHAPE?...................................................................13
a policy cycle approach.............................................................................................. 13
going in depth............................................................................................................ 14
does it work that way in practice?..............................................................................15
a layered policy setting.............................................................................................. 15
the complexity of policy: wickedness.........................................................................16
why are wicked problems so wicked?.........................................................................16
conclusion...................................................................................................................... 16
policy.......................................................................................................................... 16
Les 2: agenda setting....................................................................................................... 17
session overview........................................................................................................... 17
why policy science?....................................................................................................... 17
policy science: key practices in focus.........................................................................17
policy theory: two key branches.................................................................................17
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, key research areas..................................................................................................... 18
science policy interface.............................................................................................. 18
public policy in science............................................................................................... 18
research areas............................................................................................................ 18
examples.................................................................................................................... 19
how is policy scientifically studied?...............................................................................19
the scientific method.................................................................................................. 19
policy science............................................................................................................. 22
research logics........................................................................................................... 22
Results: What has policy science already delivered?.....................................................22
a world of constructs.................................................................................................. 22
spectrum of constructs in (policy) science, ostrom 1999............................................23
policy models: thomas dye (2003, 2017).......................................................................23
8 basic models:........................................................................................................... 24
Where does policy science stand today?.......................................................................28
methods..................................................................................................................... 28
comparatice research................................................................................................. 28
theoretical focus......................................................................................................... 29
substantive focus....................................................................................................... 29
topics.......................................................................................................................... 30
interdisciplinary.......................................................................................................... 30
conclusion...................................................................................................................... 30
les 3: agenda-setting........................................................................................................ 31
policy dynamics............................................................................................................. 31
phases of the policy process.......................................................................................31
policy agenda and policy issues.....................................................................................31
what is a policy agenda?............................................................................................ 31
why can't we focus on everything?.............................................................................31
limited load and capacity............................................................................................ 32
various owners, parts and types.................................................................................32
problems worth action................................................................................................ 33
influence from the environment.................................................................................33
what is agenda-setting or agenda building?...............................................................34
why is a problem not on the agenda?............................................................................34
how can we describe problems? an agenda perspective............................................34
the gap model............................................................................................................ 34
barrier model.............................................................................................................. 35
relative attention model............................................................................................. 35
2
, from private problem to public policy.........................................................................35
layers of agenda setting............................................................................................. 36
a holistic approach: the multiple streams framework.................................................36
policy entrepreneurs: making connections.................................................................38
on the road to agenda-setting: an example................................................................38
added value of the approach......................................................................................38
critisism on the approach........................................................................................... 39
example: the sandy hook shooting.............................................................................39
Transitions: from converging to constructing agenda....................................................39
agenda-setting as an automatic action.......................................................................39
agenda as constructs.................................................................................................. 39
in conclusion.................................................................................................................. 40
les 4: policy formulation.................................................................................................... 40
where are we now?........................................................................................................ 40
Developing and considering policy options....................................................................40
definition of policy formulation...................................................................................40
the policy onion.......................................................................................................... 41
from purpose to optional programs............................................................................41
what is policy formulation?......................................................................................... 42
styles of policy formulation......................................................................................... 42
tools and systems.......................................................................................................... 43
overview..................................................................................................................... 43
tools............................................................................................................................... 43
policy resources.......................................................................................................... 43
types of interventions, a design perspective: the carrot and stick..............................44
What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of the carrot and the stick?
................................................................................................................................... 45
breakdown of instruments.......................................................................................... 46
Policy instruments according to the government's steering model and selection
criteria........................................................................................................................ 46
instrument types on the continuum of government intervention...............................47
classification 2: nato................................................................................................... 47
stick-carrot-sermon typology VS. nato taxonomy of policy instruments.....................48
effectors and detectors............................................................................................... 48
design and context..................................................................................................... 49
from the complexity comes the focus on processes during the design phase............50
new trends.................................................................................................................. 51
why?........................................................................................................................... 51
policy subsystems......................................................................................................... 51
3
, subsystems dynamics................................................................................................. 51
types and dynamics of policy subsystems..................................................................52
the iron triangle.......................................................................................................... 52
other distinctions in subsystems................................................................................52
Transitions: New designs with existing building blocks..................................................52
in conclusion.................................................................................................................. 52
les 5: policy decision......................................................................................................... 53
where are we now?........................................................................................................ 53
legitimizing policy choices............................................................................................. 53
what is a policy decision?........................................................................................... 53
often together, each with a role.................................................................................53
actor roles – cont........................................................................................................ 54
decision-making styles............................................................................................... 54
common decision-making strategies..........................................................................55
About policy builders and decision-making processes...................................................55
two main models of making decisions (decision models)...........................................55
bounded rationality.................................................................................................... 55
incrementalism........................................................................................................... 56
rationalism VS. incrementalism in public decision-making.........................................57
garbage can model..................................................................................................... 57
example...................................................................................................................... 58
let’s apply what we learned so far to a european policy.............................................58
in conclusion.................................................................................................................. 58
les 6: policy implementation............................................................................................. 59
where are we now?........................................................................................................ 59
policy implementation................................................................................................... 59
what is policy implementation....................................................................................59
from policy decisions to policy performance...............................................................59
example: The Enhanced Basic Education Act establishes the Enhanced Basic
Education Program..................................................................................................... 60
policy implementation................................................................................................ 60
political administrative authorities as a pivot.............................................................61
meta-governors.......................................................................................................... 61
main governance modes............................................................................................ 61
succes and failure in policy implementation..................................................................62
overview..................................................................................................................... 62
approaches to implementation...................................................................................62
why do policies fail?....................................................................................................... 65
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