ENPC PMC questions with complete solutions 2023 updatedObjectives - correct answer Compare anatomy and physiology and responses to illness and injury
Key characteristics fo infants, toddlers, preschoolers and school aged
Health promotion stratagies
Children ED stats - correct answer 20% of...
ENPC PMC questions with complete
solutions 2023 updated
Objectives - correct answer Compare anatomy and physiology and responses to illness
and injury
Key characteristics fo infants, toddlers, preschoolers and school aged
Health promotion stratagies
Children ED stats - correct answer 20% of ED visits, most less than 6yo, multiple stages
of development
Disability Awareness - correct answer Vocabulary: Use "Disability", "typical" instead of
"normal" .
Refer to person first, disability second
Avoid negative descriptions
Childhood - correct answer Dynamic state of change
Child and family - correct answer Never just one patient, always the family as well
May be non traditional, definition requires 1 adult.
Factors that influence child and family repsonse - correct answer Age and development
severity of situation
severity of physical pain
previous experience
coping skills
cultural belief
language barriers
support systems
current family events
suddenness of situation
Cultural competency - correct answer Assumptions
beliefs and behaviors
communication
Diversity
Education and ethics
box 3-6
,Family Centered Care - correct answer Promotes collarborative relationships
Ensures satisfaction
COre components
- Facilitating presence during procedures
- Treating pts and families with dignity
- Communication without bias
- Encourage participation that enhances control and autonomy
Family Presence - correct answer Identify barriers
assess family
assign support person
choice of caregivers
Provide:
- Clear explanations
- Instructions
- Stratagies to use to facilitate coping
- assess needs of caregiver
Growth and Development - correct answer Growth - increase in weight etc..
Development - Gradual succsessive increase in abilities and skills, influenced by culture
General Approach - correct answer Child friendly environment
Allow caregiver to remain with parent
Speak to the patient
Use preferred nicknames
use non-medical terms
developmentally appropriate
observe status prior to touching child (PAT)
Provide privacy
keep neonates warm
Compare findings with behavior
speak in a calm tone
Provide reassurance
Acknowledge positive behavior (stickers etc...)
General Approach 2 - correct answer Promote participation
Allow Choices
Encourage play
Give permission to express feelings
assess for pain
be cautious of what you say
Health promotion
- Consider developmental level
,- discover importance of primary care
- review immunization status
- provider resources, poison control, child protective services, CPR
Neonate - correct answer Birth to 28 days . Measured from from due date
Crying is primary language
Behavior is reflexive
Loses 5-10% of birth weight by day 3 or 4
Reflexes should be symmetrical
Heat loss is concern
Vulnerable to hypoglycemia
Approaching neonates - correct answer Observe general appearance, skin color, work
of breathing
Cry when disturbed
Unconcerned about strangers
respond to soothing voices and gentle hands
Infants - correct answer 1 to 12 monts
Rapid growth and development
fear separation and strangers
explore with mouth
obligate nose breathers
breath using abdominal muscles
high metabolic rate
higher circulating blood volume
immature renal function (look up #s)
temperature instability
Approaching Infants - correct answer Use slo calm manner
avoid separation from caregiver
observe before touching
Keep covered
provider comfort and facilitate self comforting measure
Health promotion for infants - correct answer "Back to Sleep"
Immunizations
safety proof home
infant carrier use in cars and aircraft travel
Discourage baby walkers
provide poison control information
Toddlers - correct answer 1 to 4 years
Rapid physical growth and psychological social development
curious
concrete thinkers
, communicate verbally
fear separation from caregiver and loss of control
Approach toddlers - correct answer approach gradually
incorporate play
avoid separation from caregiver
provider choices
prepare immediately before procedure
provide positive reinforcement following procedure
Health promotion for toddlers - correct answer Injury proof home
secure cleaning products and meds
close stairways
car safety
role modeling
age appropriate toys
Preschoolers - correct answer 3 to 5 years
magical and illogical thinkers
interpret words and phrases literally
ask questions
fear pain, darkness, body mutilation, loss control, death , being alone
Approaching preschoolers - correct answer Enlist their help
set limits but offer choices
use developmentally appropriate words
assess level of understanding
use dressings freely
incorporate play
Health promotion for preschoolers - correct answer Motor vehicle safety restraints
malleable and observant
able to understand need for injury prevention
correct helmet use
Stranger Danger
School age Children - correct answer 5 to 11 years
Developing a sense fo accomplishment
logical thought processes
improved time concept
understand consequences
hide feelings
fears
- separation from friends
- loss of control
- physical disability
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