ISA Certification Exam
Acclimation - correct answer Physiological adaptation process of plants and other
living organisms to a climate or environment different from their native environment or
where originally grown.
Actinomycetes - correct answer A group of soil bacteria resembling fungi.
Actinomycetes play a role in the decomposition of organic matter and the release of
mineral elements.
Action Threshold - correct answer A pest population or plant damage level that
requires action to prevent irreversible or unacceptable physiological and/or aesthetic
harm.
Acute - correct answer A disorder or disease that occurs suddenly or over a short
period of time. Contrast with chronic.
Adaptability - correct answer The genetic ability of plants and other living organisms to
adjust or acclimate to different environments.
Adventitious Bud - correct answer A bud arising from a place other than a leaf axil or
shoot tip, usually as a result of hormonal triggers.
Aggregate - correct answer (1) A close cluster or mix of small particles of soil and/or
organic matter of varying sizes that are bonded together; sand, gravel, or small rocks in
soil; and/or sand, gravel, or small rocks used under paved surfaces. (2) Clusters of
flowers or fruits that appear as a single unit.
Air Terminal - correct answer The uppermost point of a tree lightning protection
system.
Allelochemical - correct answer A substance produced naturally by plants as part of a
defense against pests and other plants. May adversely affect the growth and
development of other plants.
Allelopathy - correct answer The chemical effect or inhibition of growth or
development of plants that is induced by allelochemicals.
Angiosperms - correct answer Plants with seeds borne in an ovary. Consists of two
large groups; monocotyledons (grasses, palms, and related plants) and dicotyledons
(most woody trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants, and related plants). Contrast with
gymnosperm.
Anion - correct answer An ion that carries a positive charge. Contrast with Cation.
,ANSI A300 - correct answer The United States, industry-developed, national
consensus standards of practice for tree care.
ANSI Z133.1 - correct answer The United States, industry-developed, national
consensus safety standards of practice for tree care.
Anthocyanin - correct answer The red or purple pigments responsible for those colors
in some parts of trees and other plants. Compare to carotenoid.
Antigibberellin - correct answer The plant growth regulator that inhibits the action of
the plant hormone gibberellin, which, among other things, regulates cell elongation.
Antitranspirant - correct answer A substance applied to the foliage of plants to reduce
water loss (transpiration).
Apical Bud - correct answer The bud at the tip of a twig or shoot. Remember terminal
bud.
Apical Control. - correct answer The inhibition of lateral buds, decreasing from the top
down, by apical buds over many seasons, resulting in trees with an excurrent growth
form.
Apical Dominance - correct answer The condition in which the terminal bud inhibits
the growth and development of the lateral buds on the same stem formed during the
same season.
Apoplasm - correct answer The free spaces in plant tissue. Includes cell walls and
intracellular spaces. Contrast with symplasm.
Appropriate Response Process (ARP) - correct answer The method of systematically
assessing plant health and client needs to determine which course of action, if any, is
recommended.
Arboriculture - correct answer The practice and study of the care of trees and other
woody plants in the landscape.
Augmentation - correct answer In Plant Health Care, the release of beneficial
organisms to suppress pest insect or mite populations.
Auxin - correct answer Plant hormone or substance that promotes or regulates the
growth and development of plants. It is produced at sites where cells are dividing,
primarily in the shoot tips. Auxin-like compounds may be synthetically produced.
Available Water - correct answer The water remaining in the soil after gravitational
water has drained and before the permanent wilting point has been reached. Compare
with field capacity, gravitational water, and permanent wilting point.
, Axial transport - correct answer The movement of water, minerals, or photosynthates
longitudinally within a tree.
Axillary Bud - correct answer Bud in the axil or a leaf. Lateral bud.
Bactericide - correct answer The pesticide that is used to kill or inhibit bacteria in
plants or soil.
Bark Tracing - correct answer Cutting away torn or injured bark to leave a smooth
edge.
Basal Rot - correct answer Decay located on the lower portion of the trunk, trunk flare,
or buttress roots, Also called butt rot.
Bend - correct answer A type of knot used to join two rope ends together. Contrast
with hitch.
Bend Radius - correct answer The radius of an object around which a line passes.
Bend Ratio - correct answer The ratio of the diameter of a branch, sheave, or other
object to the diameter of the rope that is wrapped around it.
Bight - correct answer A curve or arc in a rope between the working end and the
standing part.
Biological Control - correct answer The method of managing plant pests or weeds
through the use of natural predators, parasites, or pathogens.
Biorational Control Product - correct answer (1) A control product or pesticide
formulated from naturally occuring plant extracts, microbes, or microbial by-products
that poses very low risk to nontarget organisms OR (2) a control product or pesticide
that has limited environmental persistence and poses very low risk to nontarget
organisms.
Blight - correct answer Any disease or disorder, regardless of the causal agent, that
kills young plant tissue.
Bollard - correct answer Post on which wraps can be taken with a rope to tie it off or to
provide friction for control.
Botanical Pesticide - correct answer A pesticide derived from plants.
Bracket - correct answer The British English term for the fruiting body of a decay
fungus. Think of "Conk".
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