1 | P a g e NABCEP PV ASSOCIATE AND RETAKE EXAMS 2024 WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED RATIONALES ANSWERS BY EXPERTS |FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY GRADED A+ |NEWEST |LATEST UPDATE | GUARANTEED PASS What is the best voltage for charging a 12V lead -acid battery? A) 12V B) 11.8V C) 12.3V D) 14.1V 14.1 . Best voltage for charging a 12V battery is 14.1V (best of the choices given). A 12V lead -acid battery will sit charged at 12.6V and often charge somewhe re between 14 and 15V. If a 12V lead -acid battery is at 50% depth of discharge, it will measure about 12V Unit for resistance Ohms Wind uplift forces in the construction industry in the US are measured in... Pounds per square foot (psf) Direction on a comp ass is Azimuth Hydraulic analogy for voltage is Pressure. Current is flow Which room cannot have a PV dc disconnect? A) Kitchen B) Attic 2 | P a g e C) Bathroom D) Bedroom Bathroom. PV dc disconnect not allowed in bathroom (think wet feet) Stand -alone inverter output goes to: Loads. Off -grid inverter output goes to loads. Loads are what use electricity Best sealant for residential rooftop Polyurethane and silicone are the best. Silicone is a sealant, silicon is what solar cells are made of 500W/m^2 for 4 hours is 2kWh For a supply side connection, the output of the inverter is limited by Service entrance conductor ampacity. The loads are already protected from the utility by the main service disconnect (main breaker) Which is the smallest installable part of a PV system ? A) Solar panel B) Solar module C) Solar array D) PV source circuit Solar module. A solar module is the smallest unit that you can install. A solar panel is made up of solar modules. You cannot install a single solar cell, a number of solar cells are put together to make a module. 60 or 72 What is the most typical hazard with PV systems of the following: A) Shock B) Arc Flash C) Lightning D) Earthquake Shock. Solar installers are always concerned about shocks and falls. Arc flashes can be very dangerous but are less common A 4kW PV system with 15% losses in a location with 4.5 sun hours per day, what would be the annual output? 5585kWh. 4kW .85 4.5 sun hours * 365 days If available roof area is 12m^2 and the PV is 15% efficient, then how much PV will fit? 1.8kW 0.15 * 1000W/m^2 150W/m^2 * 12 m^2 = 1800W 3 | P a g e Which of the following is a typical direct PM system application? A) Lighting B) Batteries C) Pumping water D) Fire alarm Pumping water is a common direct -coupled PV application. Current is affected mostly by A) The number of solar cells in series B) The size of the solar cell C) The backsheet of the solar module D) The temperature of the cell The size of the solar cell determines the current of a PV module. A larger solar cell will capture more photons and co nvert them to electron flow. The number of cells in series determines the voltage In California (east of the zero -degree isogonic line) the north needle of the compass will point: Slightly East of true North. In California, magnetic declination is to the e ast Maintenance of sealed valve regulated lead -acid batteries includes: A) Checking fluid levels B) Equalization charge C) Scrubbing lead plates D) Cleaning terminals Cleaning terminals. On a SEALED lead -acid battery (also known as maintenance free), one d oes not have access to the electrolyte fluids. Equalization is not done on sealed batteries, since equalization requires distilled water to be added to the battery. All batteries can have their terminals cleaned. Given that Voc is 19V and the temperature c orrection factor for voltage is 1.2. What would be the maximum system voltage if there were 16 modules in series 346V. 18V 1.2 correction factor 16 in series = 346V STC watts can be calculated by Vmp * Imp = STC watts. At Voc there is no current and power is zero. At Isc there is no voltage and power is zero PV Module Turns light into electricity. A group of solar cells in a sealed unit. Interactive inverter Often called a grid tied inverter. An inverter that reads the voltage of the grid or micro -grid and produces as much power and current as it can, regardless of loads. Interactive inverters are sold according to maximum power output power. They also have dc and ac operating voltage ranges 4 | P a g e Microinverter A small inverter that is mounted behind a PV module String inverter An inverter that has PV source circuits (modules connected in series) connected to the inverter Central inverter A large inverter, usually in the MW range without PV source circuits connected directly to the inverter. The PV source circuits come out of the combiners to the inverter. AC module A module with AC output listed for such use. Can be a micro -inverter mounted on a module if it was tested together Dc-to-dc converter Power optimizer. Often mounted behind modules and convert voltage and current. Can often perform other tasks such as monitoring and turning of PV modules. Transformers do for ac what optimizers do for dc Loads Devices that use energy. A lightbulb is a load Conductors Wires Conductor sizes From small to large 18AWG, 16AWG, 1 4AWG, 12AWG, 10AWG, 8AWG, 6AWG, 4AWG, 2AWG, 1AWG, 0AWG, 2/0AWG, 3/0AWG, 4/0AWG AWG American Wire Gauge Grounded conductor A conductor that is intentionally referenced to ground but carries current. The color of the grounded conductor is white. In ac wiring the grounded conductor is also called neutral EGC Equipment Grounding Conductor: A conductor that is not meant to carry current and connects (bonds) metal equipment together, so that there are no dangerous voltage differences. Green or bare wire. Even "ungrounded systems" have equipment grounding Load center
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