MHA 710/ MHA710 Exam 2: (Latest 2024/ 2025) Questions and Verified Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct

MHA 710/ MHA710 Exam 2: (Latest 2024/ 2025) Questions and Verified Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct Q: Which of the following measures of effectiveness is an intermediate measure? A. Cholesterol level B. Hip fracture C. Blood pressure D. Bone-mass density (BMD) E. Tumor size Answer: B. Hip fracture Q: Many economists consider medical care a superior good. Which of the following statements is true regarding a superior good? A. When the price of a superior good increases, consumers demand more of it. B. Consumers want more of a superior good regardless of its price. C. Superior goods are considered necessities. D. A superior good has an income elasticity of demand less than one. E. As consumer income increases, consumers spend more on superior goods. Answer: E. As consumer income increases, consumers spend more on superior goods. Q: According to Grossman (1972), how is the demand for medical care determined? A. Insurance coverage is the most important factor B. It is derived from the demand for health C. It is determined primarily by the age of the individual D. Genetic factors are all that matter Answer: B. It is derived from the demand for health Q: Researchers use cost-of-illness studies for all of the following except to: A. Determine the low-cost option to treat a disease B. Study the burden of a disease C. Increase public awareness of the cost of treating certain diseases D. Compare two or more treatment options when the medical outcome is identical E. Compare the relative efficiency of treating various conditions Answer: E. Compare the relative efficiency of treating various conditions Q: The intangible costs associated with reduced quality of life include: A. Lost productivity at work B. Pain and suffering C. The cost of home remodeling to accommodate a physical handicap D. Potential income lost due to premature death E. Household services that must be replaced, such as housework Answer: B. Pain and suffering Q: A physician's ability to induce demand is greatly enhanced when: A. Treatment options are limited B. The physician follows strict treatment guidelines C. Patients have difficulty gathering and processing information D. Patients pay their own medical bills E. Patients request follow-up visits Answer: C. Patients have difficulty gathering and processing information Q: The concept of quality-adjusted life year (QALY): A. Is used extensively in the United States to evaluate health care programs B. Has little application to medical decision making C. Is a multidisciplinary approach to measuring health status D. Is used extensively to evaluate medical care resource allocation within government-run programs on fixed budgets, especially in Europe E. Is given an arbitrary value when applied to a real world problem Answer: D. Is used extensively to evaluate medical care resource allocation within government-run programs on fixed budgets, especially in Europe Q: The standard cut-off for cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) used by most governmental decision makers is set in terms of a multiple of national per capita income. The value of the threshold is usually what percent of national per capita income? A. 200 B. 150 C. 300 D. 250 E. 100 Answer: E. 100 Q: The direct costs in an economic evaluation include the all the following except A. hospitalization. B. medical devices. C. transportation to and from the physician's office. D. reduced productivity at work. E. all of the above. Answer: D. reduced productivity at work. Q: When measuring effectiveness of a treatment, surrogate measures reflect clinical efficacy and include a. recurrence of the disease. b. death. c. bone-mass density (BMD). d. hip fractures. e. scores on standard evaluative exams such as EuroQol or SF-36. Answer: C. bone-mass density (BMD) Q: Which of the following measures of effectiveness is not a surrogate measure? a. Cholesterol level b. Blood pressure c. Tumor size d. Hip fracture e. Bone-mass density (BMD) Answer: D. Hip fracture Q: The intangible costs associated with reduced quality of life include a. pain and suffering. b. lost productivity at work. c. The cost of home remodeling to accommodate a physical handicap. d. potential income lost due to premature death. e. all of the above. Answer: A. Pain and suffering Q: Suppose that you are asked to use the standard time trade-off approach to measuring quality of life and are given the following information. An individual is faced with living the remaining 10 years of her life suffering from severe osteoporosis. She reveals that she would be willing to give up four of those years to live the remaining six in perfect health. What is the utility of one year in the chronic health state relative to perfect health? a. 0.4 b. 0.6 c. 4 d. 6 e. There is not enough inf