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CMD 160 Midterm (Part 2) 2024 questions with verified correct answers - complete solution
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CMD 160 Midterm (Part 2) 2024 questions with verified correct answers - complete solution
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CMD 160 Midterm (Part 2)What is a language disorder? - ✅✅ -- impaired comprehension and/or use of
spoken, written, and/or other symbol systems
- may involve form, content, and pragamatics/use
ASHA definition of language disorder - ✅✅ -a disorder is present if a child's
language skills in these areas (form, content, use) are not consistent with what is
typically seen in children of similar cultural background
✅✅-amount of time that has lapsed since birth
chronological age -
developmental age - ✅✅-the typical chronological age that a child can perform a
skill in a given area
ie. billy might be 6 years of age, but testing shows Billy to have vocabulary of a child
that is 4 years, 6 months
language delay - ✅✅ -- when a child exhibits difficulty with achieving milestones
- 1/2 of these children will catch up by 3-4 years of age, other 1/2 will continue to
show difficulty
- 15% of toddlers are late talkers
language disability - ✅✅ -Suggests significant language difficulties are having a
negative impact on their daily living activities of function
language-learning disability - ✅✅ -Describes older children with language disorders
who experience difficulties with academic achievement in areas associated with
language such as reading, writing or spelling
primary language impairment - ✅✅-- significant impairment of language in the
absence of any other developmental difficulty
secondary language impairment - ✅✅ -- the result of other developmental disorders
such as intellectual disability, brain injury, autism, hearing loss, fetal alcohol
syndrome, child abuse (shaken baby syndrome)
etiology -✅✅ -- cause
- can be primary or secondary
- can also be developmental vs acquired
manifestation - ✅✅ -- aspects of language affected
- does it affect comprehension, expression or both
- does it affect form, content, use
, primary language disorder causes and risk factors - ✅✅ -- no one known casue
- genetic (20-40%) have a sibling or parent with language impairment
- middle ear infections
- low birth weight
- malnutrition
what is typically associated with secondary language impairment? - ✅✅-autism
Secondary language disorders - intellectual disability - ✅✅ -- A condition of
arrested or incomplete development of the mind which is especially characterized by
of skills manifested during the developmental period.
- 2 key considerations:
1.) limitation in intelligence
2.) limitation in adaptive behaviors and activities of daily living
✅✅
language of children with intellectual disability - --short sentences
-small expressive vocabulary
-slow rate of speech
-decreased intelligibility of speech
-comprehension tends to be better than expression
secondary language disorders - Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) - ✅✅
-- refers to
damage or insult to an individuals brain
- can occur before, during or after the birth process
- usually acquired (ie. motor vehicle accident)
- leading cause of death among children
- SEVERITY OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH LENGTH OF TIME CHILD IS
UNCONSCIOUS
closed head injury -✅✅-brain matter is not exposed
open head injury - ✅✅-brain matter is exposed
Articulation - ✅✅-the ability to produce sounds in sequence by moving the
articulators
what are the articulators? - ✅✅-- tongue
- lips
- jaw
- hard palate
- soft palate
prevalence of articulation disorders - ✅✅-- affects boys more than girls
- 60 % are unknown cases
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