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Pharmacology Final Exam 2024 Questons And Correct Answer
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Pharmacology Final Exam 2024Questions And Correct Answer
The nurse is reviewing drug therapy for hypertension. According to the JNC-8
guidelines, antihypertensive drug therapy for a newly diagnosed hypertensive
black patient would most likely include which drug or drug classes?
1. Vasodilators alone
2. ACE inhibitors alone
,3. Calcium channel blockers with thiazide diuretics
4. Beta blockers with thiazide diuretics - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-3. Calcium channel
blockers with thiazide diuretics
According to the JNC-8 guidelines, calcium channel blockers and thiazide diuretics
are recommended as first-line therapy for management of hypertension in black
patients.
A patient's blood pressure elevates to 270/150 mm Hg, and a hypertensive
emergency is obvious. He is transferred to the intensive care unit and started on a
sodium nitroprusside drip to be titrated per his response. With this medication,
the nurse knows that the maximum dose of this drug should be infused for how
long?
1. 10 minutes
2. 30 minutes
3. 1 hour
4. 24 hours - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-1. 10 minutes
Sodium nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator and may lead to extreme decreases
in the patient's blood pressure. For this reason, it is never infused at the maximum
dose for more than 10 minutes. If this drug does not control a patient's blood
pressure after 10 minutes, it will most likely be ordered to be discontinued.
A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months states
that a new, persistent dry cough is very bothersome. The nurse knows that this
cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
,1. Beta blockers
2. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
3. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
4. Calcium channel blockers - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-2. Angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors
When counseling a male patient about the possible adverse effects of
antihypertensive drugs, the nurse will discuss which potential problem?
1. Impotence
2. Bradycardia
3. Increased libido
4. Weight gain - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-1. Impotence
Sexual dysfunction is a common complication of antihypertensive medications and
may be manifested in men as decreased libido or impotence
A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus has been found to have trace proteinuria.
The prescriber writes an order for an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitor (lisinopril). What is the main reason for prescribing this class of drug for
this patient?
1. Cardioprotective effects
2. Renal protective effects
3. Reduces blood pressure
4. Promotes fluid output - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-2. Renal protective effects
, ACE inhibitors have been shown to have a protective effect on the kidneys
because they reduce glomerular filtration pressure. This is one reason that they
are among the cardiovascular drugs of choice for diabetic patients.
The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient and notes a new order for an
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (lisinopril). The nurse checks the
current medication
orders, knowing that this drug class may have a serious interaction with what
other drug
class?
1. Calcium channel blockers
2. Diuretics
3. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
4. Nitrates - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-3. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen can reduce the
antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors. In addition, the use of NSAIDs and ACE
inhibitors may also predispose patients to the development of acute renal failure.
An older adult patient will be taking a vasodilator for hypertension. Which adverse
effect is of most concern for the older adult patient taking this class of drug?
1. Dry mouth
2. Restlessness
3. Constipation
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