During primary exposure to a pathogenic microbe, what is the role of innate immune cells? -
trigger the inflammatory response to recruit immune cells
eliminate microbes by phagocytosis and antimicrobial proteins
limit growth and spread of microbes with antimicrobial proteins
activate adaptive i...
Bio 320 Exam 3
During primary exposure to a pathogenic microbe, what is the role of innate immune cells? -
trigger the inflammatory response to recruit immune cells
eliminate microbes by phagocytosis and antimicrobial proteins
limit growth and spread of microbes with antimicrobial proteins
activate adaptive immunity with antigen presentation and cytokine
Activation of a mature naive T cell by an APC requires three critical signals. Which of the following is NOT
an intracellular signal generated in the T cell? - intracellular signal from MHC II
A 2013 study by Warfel et al. demonstrated that the acellular pertussis vaccine protects against disease
but not infection and transmission (in an animal model). Why is this distinction important to understand
in regards to vaccine effectiveness? - The distinction between the aP vaccine protecting against
the disease but not infection/transmission is important because it lets us know that even though
someone is protected against the disease, they can still spread it, so people who are not vaccinated (i.e.
babies) will be at risk.
What signals influence the differentiation of mature naive T cells into TH1 vs. TH2 subsets? -
polarizing cytokines from other immune cells
Which immune cells are activated by the cytokines (IFN-gamma and IL-2) produced by TH1 cells? -
B cells
cytotoxic T cells
natural killer cells
macrophages
Which type of pathogen is targeted by a TH2 response? - parasitic worms
, Why is the TH17 response useful against bacterial and fungal infections? - It recruits neutrophils
to phagocytose these microbes
Which of the following is the most functionally similar to Ig-alpha and Ig-beta? - CD3 complex
When professional APCs present antigens to mature naive T cells, intracellular signals cause the antigen-
specific T cells to undergo rounds of mitosis. This is called clonal: - expansion
When naive T cells are activated, they secrete a cytokine called interleukin-2 (IL-2). IL-2 binds to
receptors (IL-2R) on the T cell, which stimulates the secretion of more IL-2 and an increased expression
of IL-2R. What type of signalling is responsible for this positive-feedback loop that leads to proliferation
of activated T cells? - autocrine
Match the T cell receptor molecule with its ligand on the professional APC. - CD28 -> B7
CD4 -> MHC II
CD8 -> MHC I
TCR -> peptide antigen + MHC
In response to inflammation, professional APCs express a co-stimulatory molecule called (FILL-IN-THE-
BLANK) that binds to the CD28 molecule on T cells during antigen presentation. - B7
Compare and contrast an effector lymphocyte and a memory lymphocyte. - Effector lymphocytes
fight the primary infection and die once the infection is cleared. Memory cells do not respond to the
primary infection, instead they lie dormant until their specific antigen is once again present. Once
activated, theses memory cells mount the same adaptive response as the effector cells during primary
infection.
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