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Nerve Conduction Studies Questions with Correctanswers
A-waves Correct Answer-Sometimes called Axon reflex. Seen when
using sub-maximal stimulation during the F-wave recording. Consistent
in latency and amplitude and usually occurring before the F-wave.
Thought to be a result of reinnervation of the nerve.
Abduct Correct Answer-Move away from the median plane
Abductor Digiti Minimi (ADM or ADQ) Correct Answer-Sometimes
called abductor digiti quinti. Ulnar innervated muscle on the medial side
of the little finger alongside the 5th metacarpal. The most superficial
muscle in the hypothenar eminence. Commonly used when recording
ulnar motor studies.
Abductor Digiti Quinti Pedis (ADQp) Correct Answer-Lateral plantar,
thus tibial nerve, innervated muscle on the lateral side of the foot along
side the 5th metatarsal.
Abductor Pollicis Brevis (APB) Correct Answer-Median innervated
muscle just medial to the 1st metacarpal bone. The most superficial
muscle of the thenar eminence. Commonly used when recording median
motor studies.
Accessory Peroneal Nerve Correct Answer-A branch of the superficial
peroneal nerve that partly supplies the extensor digitorum brevis (EDB)
in 18-22% of people. The EDB is normally innervated by the deep
,peroneal. The accessory peroneal nerve is seen when the peroneal
amplitude, recording from the EDB, is larger when stimulating at the
fibular head than when stimulating at the ankle. It can be confirmed by
stimulating behind the lateral malleous, adding that amplitude to the
ankle amplitude. The sum of which should closely equal to the
amplitude when stimulating at the fibular head.
Acetylcholine Correct Answer-The chemical transmitter in a
neuromuscular junction.
Action Potential Correct Answer-Whenever a stimulus reached or
exceeds threshold an action potential is generated propagating along a
single axon.
Active electode Correct Answer-Synonymous with recording electrode,
G1, E1, or Cathode. To complete the circuit a differential amplifier
requires the Active electrode and a Reference electrode.
Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (AIDP) Correct
Answer-Guillain-Barre Syndrome. An acute areflexic ascending
sensory-motor polyneuropathy where deficit is maximum in 4 weeks.
Characterized by absent or prolonged F-waves, slowed conduction
velocities, prolonged latencies, and conduction block (especially
proximally). Sensory NCS may be normal in early cases, but as the
disease advances low amplitudes and slowed conductions may be seen.
Adduct Correct Answer-Move toward the median plane.
,Age Correct Answer-Affects time and amplitude so normative values
reflect different age groups.
Afferent Correct Answer-Otherwise known as sensory neurons - carry
nerve impulses from receptors or sense organs toward the central
nervous system.
All or None Response Correct Answer-When depolarization occurs it
either causes an all response it reaches threshold, or no response if the
depolarization is insufficient to reach threshold.
Alternating Current Correct Answer-Current that is forced rapidly back
and forth along a circuit, repeatedly reversing its direction.
Ampere Correct Answer-A measure of current, designated by the letter
A
Amplifier Correct Answer-The hardware component used to increase the
size of the small physiological signal.
Amplitude Correct Answer-A measurement of the vertical size of the
waveform. The representation of the total number of nerve fibers or
sensory axons. Usually expressed as millivolts (mV) for MNC and
microvolts (uV) for SNC
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Correct Answer-Often referred to,
as "Lou Gehrig's disease." Motor neurons go from the brain to the spinal
, corn and from the spinal cord to the muscles throughout the body. The
progressive degeneration of the motor neurons in ALS eventually leads
to their death.
Anodal Block Correct Answer-Hyperpolarization occurring under the
anode prevents the depolarization, that occurs under the cathode, from
passing thus, causing a reduction in the resulting potential.
Anode Correct Answer-The positive terminal of the stimulating
electrode.
Anomalous Innvervation Correct Answer-Anomalous pathways that can
case erroneous results in some people. Common anomalies include
Martin-Gruber anastomosis and Accessory peroneal nerve.
Antecubital Fossa Correct Answer-The triangular area on the anterior
view of the elbow joint of the arm. A common stimulation site for the
median and radial nerves.
Anterior Correct Answer-In the front or in the forward part, ventral
surface
Anterior Horn Cells Correct Answer-Motor unit cell bodies in the
ventral gray matter of the spinal cord. Eventually become the motor
nerves.
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