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Lecture 12 - Transcription, Translation Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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Lecture 12 - Transcription, Translation
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Lecture 12 - Transcription, TranslationThe template strand is the strand to which ribonucleotides hydrogen bond during
formation of a new RNA molecule. So, the RNA molecule will have a sequence that is
complementary to the sequence of the template strand. The coding DNA strand
hydrogen bonds with the template strand, meaning that the sequence of the coding
strand is also complementary to the template strand. Because the RNA molecule and
the coding strand are both complementary to the template strand, the nucleotide
sequences of the RNA molecule and the coding strand are the same, with the exception
that U is substituted for T in the RNA molecule.
Probably the easiest way to figure out the answer to this question is to first realize that
two of the possible answers have U's in their sequences. Both of these answers must
therefore be incorrect because DNA molecules have T rather than U. To determine
which of the remaining two possible answers is the corr - answer A peptide has the
sequence NH2-phe-pro-lys-gly-phe-pro-COOH. Which of the following sequences in the
coding strand of the DNA would code for this peptide?
Select one:
a. 3' AUG-AAA-GGG-TTT-CCC-AAA-GGG 5'
b. 5' GGG-AAA-TTT-AAA-CCC-ACT-GGG 3'
c. 3' UUU-CCC-AAA-GGG-UUU-CCC 5'
d. 5' TTT-CCC-AAA-GGG-TTT-CCC 3'
DNA is transcribed to form RNA molecules and RNA molecules are translated to form
protein molecules.
The correct answer is: DNA is transcribed and RNA is translated - answerWhich of the
following statements is TRUE?
Select one:
a. RNA is transcribed and proteins are translated
b. RNA is translated and proteins are transcribed
c. DNA is transcribed and RNA is translated
d. DNA is translated and RNA is transcribed
Remember that RNA polymerase, like DNA polymerase, adds nucleotides to the 3' end
of the growing nucleotide chain. Also remember that RNA polymerase uses the DNA
template strand as its template, meaning that the ribonucleotides of the RNA molecule
will be hydrogen bonded with the deoxyribonucleotides of the template strand. Finally,
remember that the template strand and the RNA molecule will be hydrogen bonded in
an antiparallel arrangement, meaning that the 5' end of the template strand will be
hydrogen bonded with the 3' end of the RNA molecule and the 3' end of the template
strand be hydrogen bonded with the 5' end of the RNA molecule. Putting this all
together, RNA polymerase will begin synthesis of a new RNA molecule by adding
,ribonucleotides that are hydrogen bonded with the 3' end of the template strand, as
these ribonucleotides will thus form the 5' end of the RNA strand. The RNA polymerase
will then move in - answerGiven the locally unwound double strand below, in which
direction does the RNA polymerase move?
DNA template strand 5'_____
DNA complementary strand 3'___
Select one:
a. 5' → 3' along the template strand
b. 3' → 5' along the complementary strand
c. 3' → 5' along the template strand
d. 5' → 3' along the complementary strand
The template strand of a DNA molecule is the strand that is hydrogen bonded to
complementary ribonucleotides during the formation of an RNA molecule. So, the
sequence of the RNA molecule will be complementary to the sequence of the DNA
template strand. Also, remember that nucleotide chains base pair with an anti-parallel
arrangement, meaning that the 5' end of one molecule is base paired with the 3' end of
the other molecule, and vice versa. Finally, remember that RNA molecules contain U in
place of T. So, if the template strand is 5' AAT 3', the complementary strand will have
the sequence: 3' UUA 5'
The correct answer is: 3' UUA 5' - answerA particular triplet of bases in the template
strand of DNA is 5' AAT 3'. The corresponding codon for the mRNA transcribed is:
Select one:
a. 3' UUA 5'
b. 3' TAA 5'
c. 3' AAU 5'
d. 3' AAT 5'
The template strand of a DNA molecule is the strand that is hydrogen bonded to
complementary ribonucleotides during the formation of an RNA molecule. So, the
sequence of the RNA molecule will be complementary to the sequence of the DNA
template strand. Also, remember that nucleotide chains base pair with an anti-parallel
arrangement, meaning that the 5' end of one molecule is base paired with the 3' end of
the other molecule, and vice versa. Finally, remember that RNA molecules contain U in
place of T. So, if the template strand is
template strand: 5' TTTAAGG 3'
complementary strand (RNA): 3' AAAUUCC 5'
If we now write the sequence of the RNA molecule in the more normal 5' to 3'
orientation (in other words, if we now write the sequence of the RNA molecule
backwards to what it is above), we see that the sequence of the RNA molecule will be:
5' CCUUAAA 3'
The correct answer is: 5' CCUUAAA 3' - answerThe nucleotide sequence of the
template strand of a DNA molecule is shown below. What will be the nucleotide
sequence of the RNA molecule made from this segment of DNA?
, 5' TTTAAGG 3'
Select one:
a. 5' UUUAAGG 3'
b. 5' AAATTCC 3'
c. 5' CCTTAAA 3'
d. 5' CCUUAAA 3'
tRNAs are not translated and so do not form polypeptides. The 3-dimensional shape of
tRNAs is the result of hydrogen bonds forming between some of the nitrogenous bases
of the ribonucleotides comprising the tRNA. rRNAs, rather than tRNAs, are parts of
ribosomes.
The correct answer is: None of these answers is correct. - answerTransfer RNAs, or
tRNAs
Select one:
a. form 3-dimensional shapes as a result of ionic bonds between different parts of the
molecule.
b. None of these answers is correct.
c. are important components of ribosomes
d. are translated to form short polypeptides that are part of ribosomes.
The correct answer is: almost always begins at an AUG codon, which specifies
methionine - answerTranslation of mRNA
Select one:
a. almost always begins at an AUG codon, which specifies alanine
b. almost always begins at an AUG codon, which specifies valine
c. almost always begins at an AUG codon, which specifies methionine
d. almost always begins at an AUG codon, which specifies glycine
The template strand of a DNA molecule is the strand that is hydrogen bonded to
complementary ribonucleotides during the formation of an RNA molecule. So, the
sequence of the RNA molecule will be complementary to the sequence of the DNA
template strand. Also, remember that RNA molecules contain U in place of T. So, if the
template strand is TTT, the mRNA will have the sequence AAA. The sequence of the
anticodon that binds to AAA on the mRNA will thus be UUU.
The correct answer is: UUU. - answerA particular triplet of bases in the template strand
of DNA is TTT. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon is
Select one:
a. AAA.
b. UUU.
c. TTT.
d. UUA.
Remember that RNA polymerase, like DNA polymerase, adds nucleotides to the 3' end
of the growing nucleotide chain. Also remember that RNA polymerase uses the DNA
template strand as its template, meaning that the ribonucleotides of the RNA molecule
will be hydrogen bonded with the deoxyribonucleotides of the template strand. Finally,
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