TEST BANK
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of
Person-Centered Care
Carol R. Taylor, Pamela B. Lynn, and Jennifer L. Bartlett
10th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation 1
Chapter 02 Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice 18
Chapter 03 Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities 34
Chapter 04 Health of the Individual, Family, Community, and Environment 51
Chapter 05 Culturally Respectful Care 66
Chapter 06 Values, Ethics, and Advocacy 81
Chapter 07 Legal Dimensions of Nursing Practice 100
Chapter 08 Communication 118
Chapter 09 Teaching and Counseling 133
Chapter 10 Leading, Managing, and Delegating 149
Chapter 11 The Health Care Delivery System 165
Chapter 12 Interprofessional Collaborative Practice and Care Coordination Across Settings 181
Chapter 13 Blended Competencies, Clinical Reasoning, and Processes of Person-Centered
Care 197
Chapter 14 Clinical Judgment 217
Chapter 15 Assessing 235
Chapter 16 Diagnosis-Problem Identification 250
Chapter 17 Outcome Identification and Planning 266
Chapter 18 Implementing 282
Chapter 19 Evaluating 297
Chapter 20 Documenting and Reporting 312
Chapter 21 Informatics and Health Care Technologies 330
Chapter 22 Developmental Concepts 347
Chapter 23 Conception Through Young Adulthood 365
Chapter 24 Middle and Older Adulthood 380
Chapter 25 Asepsis and Infection Control 396
Chapter 26 Vital Signs 412
Chapter 27 Health Assessment 427
Chapter 28 Safety, Security, and Emergency Preparedness 441
Chapter 29 Complementary and Integrative Health 457
Chapter 30 Medications 474
Chapter 31 Perioperative Nursing 492
Chapter 32 Hygiene 507
Chapter 33 Skin Integrity and Wound Care 521
Chapter 34 Activity 537
Chapter 35 Rest and Sleep 551
Chapter 36 Comfort and Pain Management 565
Chapter 37 Nutrition 580
Chapter 38 Urinary Elimination 594
Chapter 39 Bowel Elimination 608
Chapter 40 Oxygenation and Perfusion 623
,Chapter 41 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance 638
Chapter 42 Self-Concept 653
Chapter 43 Stress and Adaptation 668
Chapter 44 Loss, Grief, and Dying 683
Chapter 45 Sensory Functioning 698
Chapter 46 Sexuality 712
Chapter 47 Spirituality 726
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care, 10th Edition (Taylor, 2023)
Chapter 1, Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
1. An oncology nurse with 15 years of experience, certification in the area of oncology nursing,
and a master's degree is considered to be an expert in the area of practice. The nurse works on
an oncology unit in a large teaching hospital. Based upon this description, which career role
best describes this nurse's role, taking into account the qualifications and experience?
A. clinical nurse specialist
B. nurse entrepreneur
C. nurse practitioner
D. nurse educator
ANS: A
Feedback: A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse with an advanced degree, education, or
experience who is considered to be an expert in a specialized area of nursing. The clinical
nurse specialist carries out direct client care; consultation; educating clients, families, and
staff; and research. A nurse practitioner has an advanced degree and works in a variety of
settings to deliver primary care. A nurse educator usually has an advanced degree and teaches
in the educational or clinical setting. A nurse entrepreneur may manage a clinic or
health-related business.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 18
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Apply
NOT: Multiple Choice
2. What guidelines do nurses follow to identify the client's health care needs and strengths, to
establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of
the plan to meet established outcomes?
A. Nursing process
B. ANA Standards of Professional Performance
C. Evidence-based practice guidelines
D. Nurse Practice Acts
ANS: A
Feedback: The nursing process is one of the major guidelines for nursing practice and the
profession. Nurses implement their roles through the nursing process. The nursing process is
used by the nurse to identify the client's health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry
out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet
established outcomes. The American Nurses Association (ANA) develops the general nursing
scope and standards that apply to all nurses. Evidence-based practice guidelines are grounded
in research and direct nursing care. Safe, competent nursing practice is grounded in the law as
written in the state nurse practice act (NPA) and the state rules/regulations.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 21
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Remember
NOT: Multiple Choice
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care, 10th Edition (Taylor, 2023)
3. Which organization is the best source of information when a nurse wishes to determine
whether an action is within the scope of nursing practice?
A. American Nurses Association (ANA)
B. American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
C. National League for Nursing (NLN)
D. International Council of Nurses (ICN)
ANS: A
Feedback: The ANA's 2021 Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice defines activities that
are specific and unique to nursing. Standards allow nurses to carry out professional roles,
serving as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where health care is
provided. The competencies articulated in the Standards describe expected levels of
performance that integrate knowledge, skills, abilities, and judgments. Each nurse is
accountable for their own quality of practice and is responsible for the use of these standards
to ensure knowledgeable, safe, and comprehensive nursing care. The AACN addresses
educational standards, while the NLN promotes and fosters various aspects of nursing. The
ICN provides a venue for national nursing organizations to collaborate, but does not define
standards and scope of practice.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 20
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Remember
NOT: Multiple Choice
4. Which set of terms best describes nursing at the end of the Middle Ages?
A. continuity, caring, critical thinking
B. purpose, direction, leadership
C. assessment, interventions, outcomes
D. advocacy, research, education
ANS: B
Feedback: During the Middle Ages, nursing began to have a more clearly defined role.
Members of religious orders gave nursing care, nursing orders were founded, and nursing
became a respected vocation. Although the Middle Ages ended in chaos, nursing had
developed purpose, direction, and leadership. All of the other answers include concepts that
were not developed until much later in history, such as the nursing process (assessment,
interventions, outcomes) and continuity, critical thinking, advocacy, and research, all of which
were developed in the 20th century.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 7
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Understand
NOT: Multiple Choice
5. Who is considered to be the founder of professional nursing?
A. Dorothea Dix
B. Lillian Wald
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Clara Barton
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care, 10th Edition (Taylor, 2023)
ANS: C
Feedback: Florence Nightingale is considered to be the founder of professional nursing. Ms.
Nightingale elevated the status of nursing to a respected occupation, improved the quality of
nursing care, and founded modern nursing education. Although the other choices are people
who were important to the development of nursing, none of them is considered the founder.
Dorothea Dix was an American activist on behalf of the people who were indigent and
suffered from mentally illness who, through a vigorous program of lobbying state legislatures
and the United States Congress, created the first generation of American mental health
institiutions. During the Civil War, Ms. Dix served as a Superintendent of Army Nurses.
Lillian Wald founded the Henry Street Settlement in New York City and was an early
advocate to have nurses in public schools. Clara Barton was a pioneering nurse who founded
the American Red Cross.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 10
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Remember
NOT: Multiple Choice
6. Which nursing pioneer established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882?
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Clara Barton
C. Dorothea Dix
D. Jane Addams
ANS: B
Feedback: Clara Barton volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during the
civil war, served as the supervisor of nurses for the Army of the James, organized hospitals
and nurses, and established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882. Dorothea Dix created
the first generation of American mental asylums. Jane Addams was known as the "mother" of
social work. Florence Nightingale was an English social reformer and statistician, and the
founder of modern nursing.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 10
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Remember
NOT: Multiple Choice
7. Teaching a client about performing a self examination of the skin is an example of what broad
aim of nursing?
A. treating illness
B. preventing illness
C. restoring health
D. facilitating coping
ANS: B
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care, 10th Edition (Taylor, 2023)
Feedback: Nurses primarily prevent illness by teaching and personal example. Illness
prevention activities focus on avoiding illness or achieving early detection of an illness, such
as skin cancer. Treating illness involves nursing interventions for people who have surgery or
are ill. Facilitating coping is involved with easing transitions to new states of being. Restoring
health involves helping clients return to a former level of health after experiencing an illness
or injury.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 15
NAT: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Apply
NOT: Multiple Choice
8. A nurse practitioner is caring for a couple who are the parents of an infant diagnosed with
Down syndrome. The nurse makes referrals for a parent support group for the family. This is
an example of which nursing role?
A. teacher/educator
B. leader
C. counselor
D. collaborator
ANS: C
Feedback: Counseling skills involve the use of therapeutic interpersonal communication skills
to provide information, make appropriate referrals, and facilitate the client's problem-solving
and decision-making skills. The teacher/educator uses communication skills to assess,
implement, and evaluate individualized teaching plans to meet learning needs of clients and
their families. A leader displays an assertive, self-confident practice of nursing when
providing care, effecting change, and functioning with groups. The collaborator uses skills in
organization, communication, and advocacy to facilitate the functions of all members of the
health care team as they provide client care.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 13
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Caring BLM: Cognitive Level: Apply
NOT: Multiple Choice
9. A nurse is providing nursing care in a neighborhood clinic to single, pregnant adolescents.
Which action has the nurse acting in the role of counselor?
A. discussing the legal aspects of adoption for pregnant adolescents wishing to place
their newborn with a family
B. searching the Internet for information on child care services for the postpartum
adolescent who wishes to return to school
C. conducting a client interview and documenting the information on the adolescent's
chart
D. referring an adolescent who admits having suicidal thoughts to a mental health
care specialist
ANS: D
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care, 10th Edition (Taylor, 2023)
Feedback: The role of the counselor includes making appropriate referrals. Discussing legal
issues is the role of the advocate. Searching for information on the Internet is the role of a
researcher. Conducting a client interview would fall under the role of the caregiver.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 13
NAT: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Apply
NOT: Multiple Choice
10. A nurse explains the concept of health to a client when establishing health promotion goals
with the client. Which statement by the client indicates that the nurse's teaching has been
effective?
A. Health is a state of optimal functioning.
B. Health is an absence of illness.
C. Health is always an objective state.
D. Health is not determined by the client.
ANS: A
Feedback: Health is a state of optimal functioning or well-being. As defined by the World
Health Organization, one's health includes physical, social, and mental components and is not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Health is often a subjective state; a person may be
medically diagnosed with an illness but still consider themselves healthy.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 14
NAT: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
BLM: Cognitive Level: Apply NOT: Multiple Choice
11. Which is a criterion that defines nursing as a profession?
A. an undefined body of knowledge
B. a dependence on the medical profession
C. an ability to diagnose medical problems
D. a strong service orientation
ANS: D
Feedback: Nursing is recognized increasingly as a profession based on the following defining
criteria: well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge, strong service orientation,
recognized authority by a professional group, code of ethics, professional organization that
sets standards, ongoing research, and autonomy. Nursing is not defined by the ability to
diagnose medical problems.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 16
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Remember
NOT: Multiple Choice
12. What is the primary purpose of standards of nursing practice?
A. to provide a method by which nurses perform skills safely
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care, 10th Edition (Taylor, 2023)
B. to ensure knowledgeable, safe, comprehensive nursing care
C. to establish nursing as a profession and a discipline
D. to enable nurses to have a voice in health care policy
ANS: B
Feedback: Each nurse is accountable for their own quality of practice and is responsible for
using standards to ensure knowledgeable, safe, comprehensive care. Standards of practice do
not provide the ability to safely perform skills, establish nursing as a profession and
discipline, or enable nurses to have a voice in health care policy.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 20
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Understand
NOT: Multiple Choice
13. After graduating from an accredited program in nursing and successfully passing the NCLEX,
the nurse must take which action to obtain the legal right to practice?
A. Enroll in an advanced degree program
B. File NCLEX results in the county of residence
C. Be licensed by the State Board of Nursing
D. Submit a signed letter confirming graduation
ANS: C
Feedback: The Board of Nursing in each state has the legal authority to allow graduates of
approved schools of nursing to take the licensing examination. Those who successfully meet
the requirements for licensure are given a license to practice nursing in the state. It is illegal to
practice nursing without a license issued by the State Board of Nursing. A nurse does not have
the legal right to practice nursing by enrolling in an advanced degree program, filing NCLEX
results, or having a letter confirming graduation.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 20
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Understand
NOT: Multiple Choice
14. A health care facility determined that a nurse employed on a medical unit was documenting
care that was not being given, and subsequently reported the action to the State Board of
Nursing. How might this affect the nurse's license to practice nursing?
A. It will have no effect on the nurse's ability to practice nursing.
B. The nurse can practice nursing at a lower-skilled level.
C. The nurse's license may be revoked or suspended.
D. The nurse's license will permanently carry a felony conviction.
ANS: C
______________________________________________________________________________________________
6|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care, 10th Edition (Taylor, 2023)
Feedback: The license and the right to practice nursing can be denied, revoked, or suspended
for professional misconduct such as a crime. Other areas of professional misconduct which
can be charged as committing a felony include incompetence, negligence, and chemical
impairment. Committing a felony does affect the legal right to practice nursing, does not
allow the nurse to practice at a lower level, and is not attached to the license, but rather the
licensee.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 20
NAT: Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Apply
NOT: Multiple Choice
15. A nurse is caring for a client with alcohol use disorder. The nurse educates the client about the
harmful effects of alcohol and educates the family on how to cope with the client and the
client's disorder. Which type of skill is the nurse using?
A. caring
B. comforting
C. counseling
D. assessment
ANS: C
Feedback: The nurse is using counseling skills to educate the client about the harmful effects
of alcohol. The nurse can also suggest rehabilitative care for the client. The nurse uses
therapeutic communication techniques to encourage verbal expression and to understand the
client's perspective. Caring, comforting, and assessment may require active listening, but
counseling is based upon the active listening and interaction between the client and the
counselor.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 13
NAT: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
TOP: Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
KEY: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation
BLM: Cognitive Level: Apply NOT: Multiple Choice
16. A nurse is caring for a client with quadriplegia who is fully conscious and able to
communicate. What skill of the nurse would be the most important for this client?
A. comforting
B. assessment
C. counseling
D. caring
ANS: D
Feedback: The client needs assistance in performing activities of daily life. This would require
implementation of caring skills from the nurse. Comforting, counseling, and assessment skills
are also required, but the priority is the caring skill. Comforting skills involve providing safety
and security to the client, whereas counseling skills are implemented while providing health
education and emotional support. Assessment skills would be required when collecting data
from the client.
PTS: 1 REF: p. 13
______________________________________________________________________________________________
7|Page
