- Guides d'étude, Notes de cours & Résumés

Maturation biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience Cognition all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating Schema a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information Assimilation interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas Accommodation adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information Sensorimotor stage (who, age rang...

Social Psychology The scientific study of how we: • influence one another • think about one another • interact with one another Behavior is a product of two things: - Situational Factors and Personal Disposition How we influence one another • Conformity • Informational social influence • Normative social influence Conformity when we change our behavior or beliefs in order to go along with the group/majority Informational social influence - conform because we lack information abou...

Acetylcholine A neurotransmitter found in both central and peripheral nervous systems linked to Alzheimer's disease and used to transmit nerve impulses to the muscles, respectively., A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. Inhibitory effect but also acts as excitatory at junctions in skeletal muscle. Alzheimer's disease and diagnosis Memory decline gradual. 2 major neuron problems 1- neurofibilary tangles 2- senile plaques. Cells die. Side Eff...

What are the main components of Structuralism? The study of the structure and characteristics of the mind; Categorizing sensations and perceptions; Study of the parts of the mind. Who is the Father of Structuralism? William Wundt, First known psychologist from Germany. What are the main components of Functionalism? The study of the mind as a whole, using biology and evolution as a way to understand the adaptive behaviors of humans. Who is the Father of Functionalism? William James, First know...

Sensory Memory Some trace of sensory input stays in your information-processing system for a brief period even when you are not paying attention to the input. What is the evidence for sensory memory store? Sperling's Partial Report Experiment How fast does iconic memory decay? .3 seconds for visual information (iconic memory) How fast does echoic memory decay? 2 seconds for auditory information (echoic memory) What is visual sensory memory called? iconic memory Sperling's Partial Report M...

Which term refers to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating? Cognition A prototype is a best example of a particular category The confirmation bias refers to the tendency to Search for information that supports our preconceptions A reliance on quick intuitive judgments is best illustrated by our use of heuristics The overconfidence phenomenon refers to the tendency to underestimate the extent to which our beliefs and judgments are inaccura...

________ perspective has to do with psychodynamic, humanistic, trait and temperament behavior. whole-person A good example of introspection is? a trained volunteer reporting their experience while undergoing an experiment conducted by a psychologist What performs psychology? experimental Who teaches psychology? teacher What specializes psychology? applied Which analogy is correct? A. right brain is to emotion as left brain is to analytic B. phenotype is to physical appearance as genotype is...

What type of memory lasts 20-30 seconds? Short-term Say you were given this list of words: cat, lemonade, dog, chair, pizza. You recall only chair and pizza. This is because of? Recency effect TRUE or FALSE: Memory is not synonymous with knowledge False Child-directed speech includes Speaking in higher pitches than normal and using simple words and sentences How a word sounds or how it is pronounced is an example of what level of encoding? Phonemic Babies speak their first word around at ho...

Positive reinforcement ___________ the likelihood of the behavior; negative reinforcement ___________ the likelihood of that behavior. increases, increases Which of the following is the best example of classical conditioning? A. Bob buys a lottery ticket each time he gets his car inspected because 4yrs ago he won $100 on a ticket he bought after a car inspection. B. Ted drops his economics course after failing the first exam. C. Sam underwent a painful dental procedure and now his palms sweat ...

Motivation a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior Motives 1) needs, wants, desires leading to goal-directed behaviour 2) is a process that arouses, maintains, and guides behaviour toward a goal (e.g., hunger) Extrinsic Motivation a person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is external to the person Intrinsic Motivation a person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner Goals the cognitive representation of a...