Pyrimidine
One carbon ring
Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
Purine
Two carbon rings
Adenine, Guanine
00:03
01:10
How are nucleotides joined together?
Condensation to form phosphodiester bond
What is the function of mRNA?
Carries genetic info out of nucleus
Transcript ...
ascp molecular biology certification examtechnologist in molecular biology
mbascp board exam prep
Geschreven voor
ASCP Molecular Biology
Alle documenten voor dit vak (48)
Verkoper
Volgen
EvaTee
Ontvangen beoordelingen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
ASCP Molecular Biology Certification
Exam
Pyrimidine - Answer One carbon ring
Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
Purine - Answer Two carbon rings
Adenine, Guanine
How are nucleotides joined together? - Answer Condensation to form phosphodiester
bond
What is the function of mRNA? - Answer Carries genetic info out of nucleus
Transcript translated to protein
What is the function of tRNA? - Answer Carries aa to ribosome
Anticodon pairs with codon on mRNA strand
What is the function of rRNA? - Answer part of ribosome structure
most abundant RNA
coordinated coupling of tRNA to mRNA codons
Feedback inhibition - Answer Product of pathway is noncompetitive inhibitor
Binds to allosteric site to slow down rxn b/c too much product
Exonucleases - Answer Degrades nucleic acids by removing one terminal nt at a time
Cleaves phosphodiester bond at end of chain
5' --> 3' and 3' --> 5'
Endonucleases (Prok) - Answer Restriction enzymes
Cleaves phoshpodiester bonds w/i poly-nt chain
Recognition site is palindromic sequence
Types I-V
ORI sites - Answer nt sequence where replication is initiated
Topoisomerase I - Answer Induces ss breaks
Remove DNA supercoils during TXN and DNA replication; for strand breakage during
recombination; for chr condensation; and to disentangle intertwined DNA during mitosis
topoisomerase II - Answer cuts both strands of one DNA double helix, passes another
unbroken DNA helix through it, and then reanneals the cut strands
,Gyrase (topoisomerase II) - Answer Unwinds supercoiling caused by unwinding at the
rep fork by introducing DSBs
Helicase - Answer Breaks H-bonds of double helix at the replication fork
Primase - Answer DNApol α (DNA dep RNA pol)
adds short segments of complementary
RNA to ssDNA template (primers), serves as starting points for replication
single-strand DNA binding proteins (SSBPs) - Answer Binds ssDNA and prevents it
from re-annealing during TXN, replication, repair, and recombination
Okazaki fragments - Answer Short fragments of DNA synthesized by DNApol δ using
the lagging strand (3'->5') as a template
Ligase - Answer Closes gaps in DNA
Catalyzes phosphodiester bond between 3'OH and 5'P
What are the steps in DNA replication? - Answer 1. Initiate
2. Elongate
3. Terminate
Telomeres - Answer Repeat sequence (TTAGGG) at the ends of chr, protect chr from
degradation
RNA polymerase - Answer DNA dependent RNApol
Transcribes DNA template to RNA (3'-->5'; anti-parallel)
Splicesomes - Answer Complex of snRNPs
Removes introns from pre-mRNA and splices exons together
Enhancers - Answer Short regions of DNA that bind proteins (TXN factors) that enhance
TXN of a gene
Poly-A tail - Answer Prevents mRNA from being degraded in cytoplasm
100-250 A's at 3' end
5' cap - Answer 5'-5' pyrophosphate bridge to a methylated G added to 5' end of a
mRNA
Protects against degradation and as a recognition signal for TLN apparatus
aminoacyl tRNA - Answer tRNAs that carry amino acids
Ribosomes - Answer Where TLN occurs
Prok: 30s and 50s
, Euk: 40s and 60s
Catalyzes peptide bond between a.a.'s
What is the path of a tRNA in a ribosome? - Answer Acceptor > Peptidyl > Exit
How is translation initiated? - Answer small rRNA (40S) subunit binds mRNA and scans
for start codon (AUG)
Met-tRNA is brought to the P site
Large rRNA (60S) subunit binds
How is translation terminated? - Answer Occurs when stop codon enters A site
Release factor recognizes stop codon, hydrolyzes ester bond with P site, releasing aa
chain
Reverse transcriptase - Answer enzyme that transcribes RNA to cDNA (lacks introns)
RNA --> RNA:DNA --> cDNA (dsDNA)
Pleiotrophy - Answer a single gene controls the expression of many phenotypic traits
ie Sickle Cell Anemia
cDNA - Answer intron free complementary DNA
can be inserted into a plasmid
Vector - Answer helps carry DNA into cell
ie plasmids, virus
Open Reading Frame (ORF) - Answer sections of DNA that begin with start codons and
end with stop codons
DNA: 5' --> 3'
transcription: 3' --> 5' DNA --> RNA (promoter)
translation: 5' --> 3' mRNA
Spectrophotometer - Answer Measures amount of light absorbed
Quantitative measurement of [DNA/RNA]
At what wavelength does DNA and RNA absorb? - Answer 260 nm
At what wavelength does protein absorb? - Answer 280 nm
Organic isolation method - Answer 1. Lyse
2. Add phenol/ chloroform > vortex/spin
3. Transfer aqueous layer (top) to new tube
4. Add chloroform:IAA (removes phenol) > vortex/spin
5. Transfer aqueous layer to new tube
6. Add NaOAc and EtOH > vortex/spin
7. Decant
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
√ Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, Bancontact of creditcard voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper EvaTee. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €12,94. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
