Unit 1F - In search of the American Dream: the USA, c1917-96
Samenvatting
Summary In search of the American Dream: the USA, c1917-96 All Themes Timeline PDF
33 keer bekeken 1 keer verkocht
Vak
Unit 1F - In search of the American Dream: the USA, c1917-96
Instelling
PEARSON (PEARSON)
Unit 1F - In search of the American Dream: the USA, c1917-96 All Themes Timeline PDF provides a chronological synopsis of every key event for all 5 themes:
1) The Changing Political Environment (1917-80)
2) The Quest for Civil Rights (1917-80)
3) Society and Culture in Change (1917-80)
4) The ...
Unit 1F - In search of the American Dream: the USA, c1917-96
Alle documenten voor dit vak (85)
Verkoper
Volgen
harrisonshaw
Ontvangen beoordelingen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Theme 1
Political landscape
• Wilson’s New Freedom Program 1912: investigate/regulate finances large business corps, limit extent working day, progressive
levy income tax + no stop racial segregation/welfare provisions
• Espionage Act 1917: bans criticism of gov
• War Revenue Act 1917: top rate increased to 67%
• 19th Amendment 1919: women given nationwide vote
• Wilson’s Peace Program 8th Jan 1918: ’14 points’, creation League of Nations
• 1st Red Scare: 1919-20: communist revolutions in Russia sent shockwaves worldwide + disturbed US capitalism
• Palmer Raids 1920: series of raids conducted by the Department of Justice to capture and arrest suspected socialists, especially
anarchists and communists, and deport them
• Emergency Quota Act 1921: immigration 357k pa, 150k by 1924
• Emergency Tariff Act 1921: protectionist policy for farmers, whose wartime markets in Europe disappearing with recovery of
European agricultural production +U.S. industries that had been stimulated by the war
• Washington Conference 1921: discussed naval disarmament/ways relieve growing tensions East Asia; wake of WW1,
international leaders sought prevent possibility another war.
• Budget and Accounting Act 1921: reduce gov costs + increase domestic business philosophy
• Federal Highways Act 1921: 10k miles new road built per year + aided development of industry
• Fordney-McCumber Tariff Act 1922: encouraged ‘buy American’ + promote pro-business psyche, creating boom period.
Prohibition reduced demand for grain, overproduction (mechanisation)
• Teapot Dome Scandal 15th April 1922: Harding’s presidency tainted by corruption; secret arrangement which secretary of the
Interior, without competitive bidding, leased U.S. Naval petroleum reserve at Wyoming's Teapot Dome to private oil company.
• Agricultural Acts 1923 + Capper Volstead Act 1923: gave ‘associations’ of persons producing agricultural products certain
exemptions from antitrust laws.
• Mississippi Flood 1927: estimated $1bn damage + destroyed agriculture
• Neutrality Acts 1925-29: aided European economic rebuild
• Wall Street Crash 1929: boom cycle went bust + Sept 1929 investors began sell over-heated company shares, too heavily
invested on credit
• Agricultural Marketing Act 1929: established Federal Farm Board from Federal Farm Loan Board established by Federal Farm
Loan Act of 1916 with revolving fund of half billion dollars.
• Droughts Great Plains 1930: natural disasters hampered economic recovery
• Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act 1930: enacted protect U.S. farmers from foreign competition by increasing tariffs certain foreign goods;
choked international trade + asine measure
• National Credit Corporation 1931: $500m aim break liquidity crisis; banks self-interest created demise initiative
• FED Home Loan Bank Act 1932: intended lower cost home ownership by creating network government-sponsored banks/boards
provide mortgage credit; failed deal seriousness situation
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation 1932: 50% loans to 7% borrowers + conflicted Hoover’s economic policies balanced budget
• The Revenue Act 6th June 1932: top rate income tax increased 25% to 63%. Estate tax 2x + corporate taxes raised by almost 15%;
hitherto largest peacetime tax rise US history (failed correct 15m unemployed)
• The Bonus Army conflict 1932: 43k demonstrators, 17k veterans U.S. involvement WW1, their families/affiliated groups
gathered Washington D.C. demanding early cash redemption service bonus certificates.
• First New Deal 1933-34: the ‘alphabet soup’ of relief, recovery, and reform agencies created; restore, basic economic functions
• Glass-Steagall Act 1933: forced commercial banks refrain investment banking activities to protect depositors from potential
losses through stock speculation
• Farm Credit Act 1933: established Farm Credit System as group cooperative lending institutions provide short, intermediate +
long-term loans for agricultural purposes
• Economy Act 1933: FDR reduced gov salaries + reduced pensions; set up separate executive Presidential office (increased
importance of presidency)
• Truth in securities Act 1933: required that investors receive financial/other significant information concerning securities being
offered for public sale
• Federal Emergency Relief Act 1933: $500m to all states + each set up relief program + raise money borrowing/taxes + set
important precedent direct relief by FED gov
• Securities Act 1934: securities exchange commission oversee stock market/prevent fraudulent activities
• Gold Reserve Act 1934: $ devalued at $35 per ounce at 60% since March 1933, increased money circulation + increased prices
to aim revitalise economy
• Wagner Act 1935: established NLRB + addressed relations unions/employees + banned company unions (basis foundation
statute US Labour Law)
• Second New Deal 1935-36: the first new deal tried restore, basic economic functions, second new deal tried improve people's
lives; included union protection programs, the Social Security Act, and programs to aid tenant farmers and migrant workers
• US Neutrality Acts 1935-37: prohibiting export ‘arms, ammunition + implements of war” from US to foreign nations at war +
requiring arms manufacturers in US apply for export license; highlighted where sympathies lay
• Adjusted Compensation Payment Act 1936: paid over $2bn to WW1 veterans as consequence Bonus Army conflict
, • Wagner Steagall Housing Act 1937: established US Housing Authority (USHA), providing $500 million loans for low-cost housing
projects across country
• Lend Lease 1941: introduced $50bn to lend war supplies to any nation/Allies deemed ‘vital to defence of USA’
• FDR Executive Order 8807 7th December 1941: created gov agency overseeing scientific research into defence technology +
funding from newly created Office of Scientific Research + Development paid for top-secret nuclear weapon program known the
Manhattan Project
• USA enters WW2 8th December 1941: reaction to Japanese Pearl Harbour bombings (7th December 1941)
• National Security Act 1947: reported to White House not Congress/Pentagon → armed forced enlarged; permanent US bases +
created CIA + National Security Council
• Truman Doctrine March 12th 1947: asked Congress for $400 million in military and economic assistance for Turkey and Greece +
aid those countries at risk falling to Communism
• Marshall Plan April 3rd 1948: provide economic aid to Europe to rebuild after WW2 and prevent spread communism; Congress
overwhelmingly passed the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948
• Korean War starts 25th June 1950
• Senator Joseph McCarthy headed 2nd Red Scare 1950-54
• Korean War ends 27th July 1953
• Vietnam War starts 1st November 1955
• Interstate Act 1956: road network rapid evacuation, Fed/state legislative divide made national system defence difficult
• Nikita Khrushchev Leader USSR visits USA 1959: met with large anti-communist demonstrations
• Woodstock Festival 1960: > 200k tickets sold, >500k tickets sold for hippie movement
• Student’s for Democratic Society 1960: denounced conventional politics as forgotten principle equality; rejected all forms
bigotry, racism + Vietnam War
• JFK’s Executive Order 10924 creates the Peace Corps 1961: >240k Peace Corps volunteers have served in 142 countries since
1961, to volunteer in the struggle against poverty, illiteracy, and disease
• The Civil Rights Act 1964: prohibits discrimination basis of race, colour, religion, sex or national origin
• Gulf of Tonkin incident 2nd August 1964: two U.S. destroyers stationed in Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam radioed they had been ‘fired
upon’ by North Vietnamese forces; in response LBJ requested permission from Congress increase U.S. military presence in
Indochina + more direct engagement in Vietnam
• JFK’s ‘New Frontier’ Program 1965: focused on domestic programs expand education, widen the social safety net, and
encourage Americans to serve those in need.
• Voting Rights Act 1965: outlawed discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after Civil War, including
literacy tests as prerequisite to voting
• SDS organised 1st rally against Vietnam War 1965: free speech + radical campaign led by University of California student using
sit-ins + peaceful protest tactics used by civil rights movement
• The ‘Great Society’ Program 1965: LBJ’s agenda, aid to education, attack on disease, Medicare, urban renewal, beautification,
conservation, development depressed regions, a wide-scale fight against poverty, control + prevention of crime and delinquency
• VVAW demonstration 1967: NY 6 veterans marched in peace demonstration + gained 30k membership, highlighting horror
war/ill treatment of veterans
• Tet Offensive 31st January 1968: 12,727 US deaths; coordinated series North Vietnamese attacks more than 100 cities + outposts
in South Vietnam; attempt foment rebellion among South Vietnamese population + encourage US scale back its involvement
• Nixon’s ‘New Right’ 1969: Democrats supported his Republican views + pledge restore law/order + promise unite society under
traditional values; response to American-style liberalism; a more combative, anti-egalitarian +uninhibited right
• Ohio National Guardsmen shot 4 unarmed students 4th May 1970: students protesting at invasion Cambodia during Vietnam
War
• Religious right emerges 1970: campaigned return traditional family values + away ‘liberal’ policies abortion + contraception;
general shift back to Conservative values spearheaded by religious right
• National Guard killed 4 students + 9 wounded at Kent State University 1970: protesting against invasion of Cambodia during
Vietnam War
• The Watergate Scandal 1972-74: major political scandal involving administration President Richard Nixon that led to Nixon's
resignation; broke into Democrat’s Watergate HQ, stole copies top-secret documents + bugged office's phones
• 29th April 1975 US evacuation/fall of Saigon: collapse of non-communist South Vietnamese regime + start of transition period
from formal reunification Vietnam into Socialist Republic of Vietnam under communist rule
• 30th April 1975 Vietnam War ends
• Reagan inaugurated 20th January 1981
Theme 2
Black Civil Rights
• 25 Anti-black riots 1919: set off by police injustice + ‘Red Summer’ riots Chicago
• Great Migration 1920: large number African Americans
• 6 black Americans of NAACP + 3k black communists protest in Birmingham 1930
• NAACP active role Black court cases 1931: means fight against racism by whites
• Resettlement Administration set up by Executive Order May 1935: relocated struggling urban + rural families to planned
communities funded by gov loans
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
√ Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, Bancontact of creditcard voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper harrisonshaw. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €12,83. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
