INSY 3303 UTA Scott Johnson Chapter 1-3 Latest Version Graded A+

INSY 3303 UTA Scott Johnson Chapter 1-3 Latest Version Graded A+ application architectures functions of the application layer software are spread among the clients and servers in the network bandwidth difference between the highest and lowest frequencies in a band or set of frequencies codec translates analog into digital coding scheme language that computers use to represent data server stores data or software that can be accessed by the clients client The input-output hardware device at the user's end of a communication circuit. peer-to-peer network A type of network that connects two client computers directly together. router device that connects 2 or more networks Simplex transmission One-way transmission, such as that with radios and TVs. half-duplex two-way comm, but only one direction can send data at a time multiplexing A form of transmission that allows multiple signals to travel simultaneously over one medium. full-duplex Communicate in both directions at the same time Post Office Protocol (POP) An application layer over the internet standard protocol used by local email clients to retrieve email from a remote server over TCP/IP connection. Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) A protocol used to retrieve email messages. Ethernet Transmission Ethernet systems divide data into frames, similar to internet packets. Each frame contains source and destination addresses and error checking data. geosynchronous having a period of rotation synchronous with that of the earth's rotation Layer 1 - Physical layer physical connection between sender and receiver Layer 2 - Data Link Layer responsible for moving a message from one computer to the next computer to the next computer in the network path from the sender to the receiver Layer 3: Network Layer performs routing Layer 4 - Transport Layer This layer ensures error-free transmission between host through logical addressing. Inbound & outbound ports are controlled in this layer. Ports = transport layer. Layer 5 - Session Layer managing and structuring all session Layer 6 - Presentation Layer formats the data for presentation to the user Layer 7 - Application Layer This layer is where message creation and packet creation begins. groups of layers -application layer -internetwork layer -hardware layer HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) nonproprietary markup language that a web browser interprets and uses to display the content as a web page http all web browsers must use when they request a web page Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) delivers hardware networking capabilities, including the use of servers, networking, and storage, over the cloud using a pay-per-use revenue model Internet Model A five-layer network model most commonly used Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are placed in lower orbits to minimize prorogation delay Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) several standards for nontext files have been developed that can be operate together with SMTP Modem A device that allows computers to communicate over telephone lines Modulation process of impressing low-frequency information signals into high-frequency carrier signal open systems interconnection reference model (OSI model) computer-to-computer communications over a network Platform as a Service (PaaS) hardward and software that provides an operating system on which developers can create and deploy Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) method where computer circuits transmit binary data as a series of electrical pulses Protocol Data Unit (PDU) contains information that is needed to transmit the message through the network transport Software as a Service (SaaS) A form of cloud computing where a firm subscribes to a third-party software and receives a service that is delivered online. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Internet standard protocol for transferring e-mail messages from one computer to another standards hardware and software produced by different vendors can work together Standards Organizations Government agencies, voluntary groups, and industry associations involved in establishing guidelines to assist in bringing uniformity to business processes or products. thin client little or no application logic on client thick client most or all application logic on client Local Area Network (LAN) group of computers located in the same general area backbone networks (BN) larger, central network connecting several LANs, other BNs, MANs, and WANs Wide area Networks (WAN) connect BNs and MANs Uniform Resource Locator (URL) web address video conferencing instant messaging Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) commonly used to transmit phone conversations over digital networks wireless media message is broadcast through the air, such as microwave or satellite