,Test Questions for Criminal Justice Organizations:
Chapter 1
1. What three elements make up an organization? (Answer: D)
A. Structure
B. Purpose
C. Activity
D. All of the above
2. ________________ is a process of integrating, coordinating and utilizing group members
to achieve organization objectives. (Answer: Management)
3. ________________ is the process of directing and mobilizing people and their ideas to
achieve an organizational goal. (Answer: Leadership)
4. A ______-_______ organization is self-contained and unresponsive to their
environments. (Answer: Closed-System)
5. A _______-________ organization takes into account input from their environment as
well as outputs services. (Answer: Open-System)
6. Due Process requirements constrain the effectiveness of police officers’ goal to control
crime. True or False (Answer: True)
7. Wilson (2000) states that public bureaucracies, like criminal justice agencies, must
adhere to the principles of : (Answer: D)
A. Accountability
B. Efficiency
C. Fiscal Integrity
D. Equity
E. All of the above
8. _________ represent police and correctional personnel have fought hard over the years to
receive good pay and benefits packages. (Answer: Unions)
9. Organizations are the same in terms of size, structure and purpose. True or False
(Answer: False)
10. What major threat has changed the purpose of criminal justice organizations and how
they function? (Answer: B)
A. Recession
B. Terrorism
C. Communism
D. Immigration
11. This organization is responsible for solving crime while maintaining due process,
reducing community conflicts and providing a stable working environment for officers?
(Answer: A)
A. Law Enforcement
B. Courts
C. Corrections
D. None of the above
12. This organization penalizes offenders by requiring retribution and at the same time
pursuing justice, deterrence and humaneness?
(Answer: B)
A. Law Enforcement
, B. Courts
C. Corrections
D. None of the above
13. Punishment, rehabilitation and maintaining order are the main of goals of what criminal
justice organization?
(Answer: C)
A. Law Enforcement
B. Courts
C. Corrections
D. None of the above
14. _______________ leadership is influenced by the values and culture of its organization
(Stojkovic and Farkas, 2003).
(Answer: Correctional)
15. Managers establish a shared vision in order to motivate and inspire a group movement
toward that vision. True or False (Answer: False)
16. An organization is responsible for planning, budgeting, setting short-term goals and
procedures. True or False (Answer: False)
17. Criminal justice organizations have a sole office that manages the organization. True or
False. (Answer: False)
18. What major concept(s) makeup organizational theory? (Answer: C)
A. Leadership
B. Management
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above
19. What author(s) suggests “that leaders motivate by articulation of a vision that stresses
values of the audience being addressed…..involving people in deciding how to achieve
that vision….enlisting the enthusiastic support of their efforts at achieving that vision…
and the public recognition and rewarding of all their successes”. (Answer: D)
A. Weber (1947)
B. Clynch and Neubauer (1981)
C. Lipsky (1980)
D. Kotter (1990)
E. None of the above
20. History shows that law enforcement has based their policies and procedures on a
traditional form of policing and our now trying to implement what type of procedure?
(Answer: B)
A. COMPSTAT
B. Community Policing
C. POP (Problem Oriented Policing)
D. None of the above
21. Public __________ has led to tougher sentences, which in turn have caused prison and
jail overcrowding and increased levels of prisoner violence. (Answer: Conservatism)
22. Community treatment programs are an example of what type of system(s)?
A. Open-system
B. Closed-system
C. Both A and B
, D. None of the above
23. Criminal justice organizations are rather complex because various perceptions are taken
into account when working towards a common goal. True or False (Answer: True)
24. Internal groups are a strong source of power that can constrain the purpose and
effectiveness of a criminal justice organization. True or False (Answer: True)
25. What major issue is omnipresent in criminal justice organizations in the 21st century that
has ignited a competition among agencies?
A. Budget cuts
B. Lack of proper management
C. Poor leadership
D. None of the above
26. Organizations are rich in politics: bargaining, negotiating, and intimidation by their
members in order to attain resources, power, status and influence. True or False
(Answer: True)
27. A latent goal of an organization is _____________, which usually translates into
competition for resources and constant expansion. (Answer: Survival)
28. Socialization in criminal justice organizations involves common attitudes, common
values and organizational___________. (Answer: Ethos)
29. Organizations are limited to performing within their boundaries (i.e. structure) that are
rigidly bureaucratic. True or False (Answer: False)
30. The constraints on organizational goals has one benefit based on: Wright’s (1981)
statement that, “goal conflict is in fact desirable and that unified criminal justice system
with consensus about goals would be undesirable”, which is Freedom. True or False
(Answer: True)
Test Bank:
1. Management
2. Leadership
3. Close-system
4. Open-system
5. Unions
6. Correctional
7. Conservatism
8. Survival
9. Ethos
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