Samenvatting
Samenvatting forensische psychologie
- Instelling
- Thomas More Hogeschool (tmhs)
Samenvatting slides+notities les
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 4 van de 67 pagina's
Voorbeeld 4 van de 67 pagina's
In winkelwagenVerkoper
Volgen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Forensic PsychologyIndex
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. 4
History..................................................................................................................................................................4
Current situation..................................................................................................................................................5
Practice of forensic psychology............................................................................................................................5
Three main activities for forensic psychologists..............................................................................................5
Psychology and law........................................................................................................................................ 8
Relationship between law and psychology..........................................................................................................8
(Un)accountability................................................................................................................................................8
Internment...........................................................................................................................................................9
Expert witness....................................................................................................................................................10
Development of antisocial behavior............................................................................................................. 11
Description of antisocial behavior......................................................................................................................11
Legal perspective................................................................................................................................................11
Developmental theories (etiology).....................................................................................................................13
Life Course perspective..................................................................................................................................13
Developmental perspective...........................................................................................................................14
Treatment and outcomes..................................................................................................................................17
Domestic violence........................................................................................................................................ 18
Child maltreatment............................................................................................................................................18
Numbers........................................................................................................................................................18
Consequences................................................................................................................................................18
Neuropsychological consequences...............................................................................................................19
Risk and protective factors............................................................................................................................20
Intervening.....................................................................................................................................................21
Intimate partner violence (IPV)..........................................................................................................................21
Intro...............................................................................................................................................................21
Numbers........................................................................................................................................................22
Consequences................................................................................................................................................24
Risk factors.....................................................................................................................................................24
Risk assessment.............................................................................................................................................25
The role of the government...........................................................................................................................26
Escalation of IPV............................................................................................................................................26
Stalking...............................................................................................................................................................27
Intro...............................................................................................................................................................27
Numbers........................................................................................................................................................27
Stalking behaviors..........................................................................................................................................28
Consequences................................................................................................................................................28
Typology.........................................................................................................................................................28
Risk factors.....................................................................................................................................................29
Psychopathy................................................................................................................................................ 30
1
, Psychopathy from a historical perspective........................................................................................................30
The history.....................................................................................................................................................30
Different views on psychopathy....................................................................................................................30
Assessment of psychopathic traits.....................................................................................................................32
DSM-5 Section II: Antisocial Personality Disorder.........................................................................................32
DSM-5 Section III: Antisocial Personality Disorder........................................................................................32
The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised...............................................................................................................33
Other observational methods.......................................................................................................................34
Self-report measures.....................................................................................................................................35
Prevalence rates............................................................................................................................................35
The etiology of psychopathy: risk factors & theory...........................................................................................36
Risk factors.....................................................................................................................................................36
Theoretical framework: Fearlessness model.................................................................................................37
Psychopathy and antisocial behavior.................................................................................................................37
Psychopathy and (violent) criminal behavior: What?...................................................................................37
Psychopathy and (violent) criminal behavior: Why?.....................................................................................38
Treatment of psychopathy.................................................................................................................................38
Clinical pessimism..........................................................................................................................................38
Clinical optimism............................................................................................................................................39
Sexual offending.......................................................................................................................................... 39
Intro....................................................................................................................................................................39
Sexual normativity vs. sexual deviance.........................................................................................................39
Paraphilia and paraphilic disorder.....................................................................................................................39
Paraphilic preferences...................................................................................................................................40
Example: exhibitionism..................................................................................................................................40
Pedophilia and pedophilic disorder....................................................................................................................42
Intro...............................................................................................................................................................42
Pedophiles and therapy.................................................................................................................................43
Age attraction ranges.....................................................................................................................................43
Prevalence off child sexual abuse victims.....................................................................................................44
(Age) Appropriate –Transgressive – Abusive.................................................................................................44
Typologies......................................................................................................................................................44
Adult sexual abuse.............................................................................................................................................47
Youth gangs and drug wars.......................................................................................................................... 49
Youth gangs........................................................................................................................................................49
Intro...............................................................................................................................................................49
Defining gangs...............................................................................................................................................50
Risk factors.....................................................................................................................................................51
Gang violence................................................................................................................................................52
Other crimes..................................................................................................................................................53
Drug wars...........................................................................................................................................................53
Drug related violence....................................................................................................................................53
Risk assessment........................................................................................................................................... 54
What is risk assessment?...................................................................................................................................54
Types of risk assessment....................................................................................................................................55
Unstructured clinical judgement approach...................................................................................................55
Actuarial approach.........................................................................................................................................55
Structured clinical judgement approach.......................................................................................................56
2
, A few instruments.........................................................................................................................................57
Risk factors.........................................................................................................................................................57
Static, dynamic, acute....................................................................................................................................57
Central eight..................................................................................................................................................58
Sensitivity and specificity...............................................................................................................................58
Case study..........................................................................................................................................................59
STATIC-99R.....................................................................................................................................................59
STABLE-2007..................................................................................................................................................60
Combining scores...........................................................................................................................................60
Considerations....................................................................................................................................................60
Treatment................................................................................................................................................... 61
Forensic Treatment............................................................................................................................................61
Regular vs forensic treatment.......................................................................................................................61
Brief history of offender rehabilitation.........................................................................................................61
Risk-Need-Responsivity Model (RNR).................................................................................................................62
Risk principle..................................................................................................................................................62
Need principle................................................................................................................................................63
Responsivity principle....................................................................................................................................65
Effectiveness and criticism of the RNR model...............................................................................................65
Good Lives Model (GLM)....................................................................................................................................66
Primary goods................................................................................................................................................66
Secondary goods............................................................................................................................................66
GLM Goals of treatment................................................................................................................................67
RNR vs GLM........................................................................................................................................................67
Effectiveness of GLM vs RNR.........................................................................................................................67
3
, Introduction
Forensic psychology ≠ forensic science or law enforcement (no blood spatter analyst)
A (forensic) psychologist studies human behavior & tries to apply psychological principles to
assist legal system.
Forensic = “related to the law” (criminology & ?)
Intro (Ed Camber)
History
- Middle Ages and earlier: good and wrong related to religion, demons, witches,
sinners ...
- However: individual liability = you are responsible for your deeds
- End of Middle Ages: first use of ‘insanity’ (a person that’s not fully aware of his
deeds)
- 19th century: Lombroso: criminal atavism - Criminals → physical anomalies ex.
Thieves have expressive faces etc. it’s valuable, it’s a strange theory but by doing
this people can criticize this, that’s how science grows
- 19th century: development of theories around insanity and criminal behavior
- 1879: First laboratory for experimental psychology (W. Wundt)
- 1908: a book: ‘On the witness stand’ (Münsterberg) a series of essays to describe
research on eyewitness testimony, false confessions and uses of psychology in legal
problems
- 20th century: psychologists were more and more called upon to apply their
(rudimentary) knowledge to the legal system as expert (e.g., testifying as expert
witness) Psychology = a tool in arriving at fair and just legal outcomes
- Jenkins v. United States (1962): court ruled that psychological testimony could be
admitted to determine criminal responsibility (i.e., insanity) → Forensic psychologists
now routinely testify in insanity cases after evaluating defendants (being recognized
as an expert)
- Stanley Milgram Experiments (1961) the influence of a charismatic person or
someone with power
- Stanford Prison Experiment (1971) (the lucifer effect)
4
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
√ Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, Bancontact of creditcard voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper lieverschoote1. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €5,99. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 83637 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen