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[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 4 van de 74 pagina's
Voorbeeld 4 van de 74 pagina's
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Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Chapter 1 Safety why?Safety is (needed) everywhere.
for each person
for group of people
for proper functioning of society
organising and ensuring safety, health and security of people is necessary condition for development &
civilization
ACCIDENTS during the activity of a PERSON
at home during e.g. maintenance of the house - odd jobs - hobbies. Safety prevention here is mostly: common
sense & safety tips. However, there are also (legally imposed) specific safety rules for home construction and e.g.
electricity regulation/ fire alerts are mandatory
ACCIDENTS during group activities - e.g. sports
Safety prevention here is usually: rules of the game by the federation - club rules - fair play - priority – courtesy
Written and unwritten rules that ensure that a sport can be practised fairly and safely and that punish abuses and
serious mistakes. Cfr. Commotion in the press and media when a mount biker gave a knee (push) when passing a
child.
Traffic rules and fines can be annoying but if you don't have organisation, safety rules and strict enforcement, it
becomes chaos. Use of infrastructure such as ski cabins and bridges must be regulated and controlled by the
Society. In the case of the crashed ski cabin, a safety brake was set off by a ski lift operator. After the collapse of
the bridge in Genoa where 35 people died, there was public outcry about the lack of control and maintenance by
the company managing the bridge.
Who takes an airplane ? any fear ?
Disasters that cost dozens of lives, due to crash of aeroplanes (such as this one that crashed because of a
technical defect). The photo below left shows a very famous accident in Tenerife, where two aeroplanes collided
(583 deaths). = Deadliest aircrash ever until now.
Who goes shopping ? any doubts ?
But also tragedies in private public buildings like the famous fire of 1967 in the INNOVATION in Brussels. (251
casualties en 62 injured persons - most deadly fire in Belgium). Since then, measures concerning escape routes
and fire protection such as sprinklers in public buildings have been completely revised and systematically
tightened. This has also
regulated the functioning and
cooperation of the fire services.
This evolution is necessary to
maintain the liveability of our society.
The people would not tolerate if no
measures were taken.
, Each of these safety domains has its own specialists and most of them have a direct influence on the occupational
safety within logistics
e.g. traffic safety regulations - machine safety standards e.g. correct positioning of emergency stops - fire safety
e.g. partitions and fire resistance of fire walls, fire doors, extinguishing systems
- product safety: e.g. does a certain product that we are going to store have a hazardous property e.g.
evaporation of harmful gases? Even food safety has an
influence on logistics, e.g. hygiene regulations
with respect to workers for the storage of food
products in warehouses.
Accidents & causes + cases ppt
Every accident almost always has several causes
- human behaviour
- technical fault or failure organisational cause (manager).
- example skiing accident : caused by human behaviour - technical aspects – organization
Accidents have multiple causes
The cause of this incident is mainly human : ignoring the safety tape = human stupidity seems overwhelming
here.
However : suppose drowning and case goes to court, who is at fault ? Which party is liable : the employee - the
employer - the owner of the place?
If such an accident was brought before court also other aspects will be considered.
Indeed the root cause of the incident can also have technical aspects: if there is a deep well (with risk of
drowning) the judge will evaluate whether the precautions in place are sufficient to prevent an accident.
Questions will be : is this safety barrier foolproof? Also the organisational aspect will be taken into account: lack
of a safety signal, a written warning (see yellow note at the column - posted on both sides ?), was an instruction
or training given to the visitors and workers ?
Example very similar accident : fatal accident of trucker in Houston USA who drove with his truck in
a basin and drowned ( he could not see the basin during flooding caused by heavy rain). Before court
the owner of the site was held liable despite the fact that the driver ignored the sign
Question : festival – concert – party (in a building)
What would be reason not to enter or even to leave ? (safety & health related) Consequences for a
group / Rules by society ?
Level of nuisance / danger ? Frequency ?
consequences for YOURSELF GROUP SOCIETY / RULES caused by:
• Human voilence/undescent behaviour/ discrimination
,• Technical noise level/ lighting not ok on stairs/ no emergency lights/ building unsafe
• Organisational noise level/ waiting outside/ no security guards/ no emergency plan
Determine priorities ?
Which cause of possible accident / injury has priority and why ?
Level of danger - frequency - consequences & impact
=> Risk Inventory and analysis /Evaluation => RIE = RA
types
HUMAN BEHAVIOR : Violence - Drunk/drugs - Harassing people
ORGANISATION : entrance control
OVERVIEW : storm on pukkelpop - lightning - plane crash
SECURITY : terrorist attack Bataclan
FIRE SECURITY : hotel on fire by decoration - escape routes (doors closed) - fire walls/doors -
extinguishing equipment
HEALTH : noise level -
BUILDING : collapse of floor / roof / tent - electricity and lighting cuts out
Danger & risk
Definition of DANGER = hazardous intrinsic property of people, equipment, environment, products ,
method, act, ....
Definition of RISK = chance of bad consequences, of damage
= probability that a hazard will materialise and cause damage (damage = a disadvantage or loss)
DANGER & RISK = basis of Risk Analysis
Risk is created
by exposure to danger with probability of possible (serious) harm
EXPOSURE + PROBABILITY + SEVERITY
Duration Chances Damage / Financial / Environmental impact
Work accidents
Definition: Labour accident = Injury DURING work & BY work
Belgian law : According to Article 7(1) of the Work Accident Act :
"any accident that happens to an employee during and through the fact of the performance of the
employment contract and causes an injury."
Presumption if during performance of work sudden event happened
Also including travel to and from work when normal travel route
Sports accident during work ? If organization or authority by employer
Fall during homework ? f.i. during corona. Law extended.
Definition: prevention of accidents
by detecting, evaluating and controlling the risks arising in the workplace and the activity resulting
from the working environment in which employee is exposed.
, Prevention is the set of regulations and measures taken or envisaged at all stages of the company's or
organisation's activity to reduce professional risks. Prevention allows to preserve health and improve
well-being.“ definition of the Belgin federal authority on Safety and Welbeing
Deze takken van veiligheid en gezondheidspreventie vinden we ook terug in de arbeidsveiligheid
of maw preventieregelgeving.
Classification (Severity) of accidents & incidents (ziet ppt dia 42-52)
Fatal accident
Accident with leave - permanent disability
temporary disability
Accident with injury -medical care needed
adapted work
= Accident reporting and reporting obligations
First aid incident
Safety incident without human consequence
Near miss
Unsafe behaviour
Prevention theory
1. Safety pyramid or iceberg theory
Wat fout is aan dit beeld is dat het hierop lijkt alsof alle
ernstige incidenten en kleinere veiligheidsincidenten “onder
water” of dus onzichtbaar zijn, wegens niet gerapporteerd aan
het management. Dat is in de huidige tijd echter absoluut
niet correct want oa door de verzekering en verplichten
aangifte van ongevallen, zijn deze (vrijwel ) allemaal gekend en
gedocumenteerd. Wat echter wel DIKWIJLS onder de radar
blijft zijn de onveilige handelingen van personeel en de
onveilige situaties of werkplaats voorwaarden waarin ze
moeten werken.
Wat je echter moet onthouden is dat het een BELANGRIJK
INZICHT en METHODE is dat we als werkgever (kleine en
grote) ongevallen kunnen voorkomen door het kennen,
analyseren en tenslotte elimineren van oorzaken en
omstandigheden die leiden tot ongevallen en incidenten (ook deze zonder gevolgen)
evenals door het bestrijden van onveilige acties en omstandigheden op de werkvloer.
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