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Summary Sexuality in perspective

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Sexuality in perspective

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  • 20 januari 2024
  • 75
  • 2022/2023
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SEXUALITY IN PERSPECTIVE
LES 1 – 23/2
INTRODUCTIE
GENERAL AIM
 To provide students with an opportunity to learn about and reflect on contemporary
 scientific approaches to and current insights in human sexuality
 Sexuality = a relevant theme in society
 Sexuality = a personal experience
 Premise = the (behavioral) expression and experience of our sexuality are influenced and
 regulated by biological factors as well as psychological, cultural and social processes, including
inter- and intra-personal norms and values


SPECIFIC AIMS
 Students will be able to:
 To be able to recognize, understand and describe the historical and cultural basis of our thinking
about human sexuality
o Our ideas now are the result of a revolution that has been going on for ages
o 1960s: the sexual revolution: our way of thinking about sexuality is a result of the openness
that was created at that time
 To be able to distinguish between major theoretical approaches to sexuality, to name and
critically reflect on their contribution to our understanding of and scientific knowledge about
sexuality
 To be able to explain how “normal” and “abnormal” sexuality are social, legal, and culturally
sensitive constructs
 To be able to understand and explain the basics of evolutionary and biological perspectiveson
human sexuality
o Want to neglect the connection between children and sexuality, however there is one 
discussion when does sexuality start? At puberty? Not necessarily
 To be able to situate sexuality within a life time perspective
 To be able to discuss the relationship between core elements of religious ethical and legal
normative
 discourse and views on sexuality, and to describe and assess their connections to different scientific
approaches
 To be able to identify and articulate their own ideas about and values, norms, and attitudes
towards sexuality
o Sometimes provocative ideas depending on different cultures
 To challenge your perspective on sexuality
Course materials
 Slides
 Extra articles, texts
 Announcements
Examen
 Written exam 50 MK vragen ongeveer 4 vragen per topic
 20 van de eerste minder van de andere proffen want bespreken minder topics


OUTLINE OF THIS COURSE
 What is sexuality?
 Background sexuality
o Biology:


1

,  Evolutionary perspective
 Genes, hormones, brain differentiation
 Sexual anatomy, sexual (psycho)physiology, sexual desire, sexual arousal
o Psychology:
 Sexual development through the life cycle
 Pornography
 Sexual aggression
o Socio-cultural
 Normal and abnormal sexuality
 Reprogenetics, ethics and sex
 Law and sexuality
 Western view: timeline
 Non-western views: some touchings but very few


2. DEFINITION OF SEXUALITY

2.1 WHAT IS HUMAN SEXUALITY?
 What is sexuality for you?
o 1) Psychology: relationship, intimacy, love, trust, bonding, power, shame, attraction,
emotions, attraction, ..
o 2) Biology: physical body, sex, reproduction, birth control, genitals, contraception, …
o 3) Behaviour: making love, sexual intercourse, masturbation, experimentation, sex toys,
searching for stimuli, fantasy in dialogue
o 4) Culture: religion, education, law, media, norms and values, social construction
 Clinical care:  verbonden met de 4 onderdelen
 What is sexuality related to?
 What do you think about when you hear the word sexuality?


2.2 CLASSICAL DISCUSSION
 Having your period for the first time
 Culture has a very big impact on all the three dimensions
o He thinks culture is the most important because it has an impact on biology
 Culture gives a certain meaning to biologic aspects or events
 Vb: starting menstrual cycle  start of fertility
 In some cultures it is celebrated and in some it is not
  culture has a great impact on how we view biological things
o It also has an impact on psychology
 Pleasure intimacy and love  idea that sexuality is related to these things is not
shared in every culture !  requires to feel intimately connected with someone
 1950’s: rise idea of attachment  more research
  intimacy very ! part of relationships and how sexuality is perceived
 Parker (researcher with important ideas)
o Korea  Most important person for a Korean person?
 Not parents, not grandparents
 Employer  give you money, home and a house  next: parents  children 
partner
o We do not believe that only biological things have an influence
 Hierarchy in Japan:
o Employer is seen as a very important person in the life of Japanese people
 They are not only providing them with a job but very often with a structure in their
lives
o Parents are also important
o Family


2

, o Children
o Partner
 Sexuality is a biopsychosocial phenomenon


2.3 SEX: ETYMOLOGY
 Latin
o Sexus: group, part, sort, kind, form
o Secare: to cut, to divide
 English: sex
o 1382: a person with a certain sex
o 1526: characteristic of being women or men
 sex related to a woman and a man
o 1929: sexual intercourse → “dirty word”
‘sex’ as a ‘dirty’ word only started in the 30’s
o 1950: gender:
 Men and women (gender role – gender identity: do you identify yourself as a man or a
woman?)
  Sex: sexual behaviour and attraction to others
 Gender roles, sex should be separated from gender
  gender – role description in society




3

, 2.4 SEX: DEFINITION
 There is a reverse of the importance that is being related to sex
 Sex = “Sexual activity, including specifically sexual intercourse”
o “Either of the two main categories (male and female) into which humans and most other
living things are divided on the basis of their reproductive functions”
 Sex = Everything that is sexual
 Sex = Biological differences between men and women
 Sex = Behaviours and feelings that are related to physical arousal and having sex
 Sex = Behaviours in which your genitals play a role and that lead to physical arousal
o F.ex. sexual intercourse, masturbation, oral sex


2.5 SEXUALITY: ETYMOLOGY
 French: sexualité
o = What is related to a certain sex – idea of dividing man or women using the word sex
 Sexuality = broader meaning (all that is related to sexual life)
o Refers to emotions and behaviour(s)
o Ideas and desires
o Sexuality = an euphemism for sex (which is seen as rougher)


2.6 SEXUALITY: DEFINITION
 Capacity for sexual feelings
o A person’s sexual orientation or preference
o Sexual activity
 Ways you experience and express sexuality
 Someone’s sexual emotions, ideas and behavior
 Broader domain of emotions, desires, behaviors, etc that are broader than the paradigmatic sexual
behaviors and emotions
 (Biological) sex, sexual behavior
 Someone’s sexual behaviour and desires
 All occurrences that are related to one’s sex life
 All aspects of feeling and being sexual
o Sexual acts (narrow definition)
 Kissing, petting
 Masturbation
 Sexual intercourse
o Sexual behaviour (broad definition)
 Being flirtatious
 Romantic dining
 Dressing in a seductive way
 Reading Playboy
 Surfing on the internet in search for sexually explicit material
 Behaviours that are defined as “sexual” vary:
o Over time
o Between different groups
o Between different cultures
 “Sexual” is dependent of
o ideas of “normalcy” about sex
o Male and female role patterns
o Social context
o Culture
 First ‘normal’ sexuality meant in a marriage between man and woman to create children  that was
how it should be -> automatische consent zogezegd
 Consent!! Created after homosexuality stopped being seen as abnormality


4

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