Innovations in Clinical Neuropsychology (6464CN08Y)
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Innovations in clinical neuropsychology: practice MCQ exam
1. What is NOT a strength of VR-based neuropsychological assessment? (Parsey &
Schmitter-Edgecomb, 2013)
a) Algorithmic design
b) Stable test-retest reliability, sensitivity & sensibility among batteries of tests
c) Increased ease and standardization of administration
d) High ecological validity
2. How can technology-based measures add value to neuropsychological assessment?
a) By reducing costs for clinicians that implement these measures
b) By replacing clinicians with automated algorithms
c) By providing more objective and precise measurements of cognitive functions
d) By automatically generating treatment plans based on assessment
3. What is a limitation of VR-based cognitive assessments?
a) They are less engaging for participants compared to traditional assessments
b) They may not accurately measure cognitive constructs assessed by traditional
assessments
c) They don’t allow for the manipulation of external stimuli during testing
d) They eliminate the need for normative data in cognitive assessments
4. eHealth describes a broad range of healthcare services supported by technology. An app on a
smartphone which indicates to a patient when their blood sugar levels are low is an example
of…
a) Self-management
b) Electronic records
c) Remote disease monitoring
d) Mobile and wired communication
5. What issues should future development efforts consider for technology-based assessments?
a) The influence of cohort effects
b) Construct validity
c) Standardization procedures
d) All of the above
, 2
6. What is a false statement about ecological momentary assessment (EMA)?
a) While it can identify fluctuations in cognitive abilities over time, it cannot provide insight
into the relationship of subjective experiences (e.g., mood, pain) on cognitive functioning
b) EMA provides real-time data which may result in less bias than in-clinic data from
self-report tests
c) Data can be collected in patient’s natural environment
d) Could be helpful in clinical populations that demonstrate limited insight into cognitive
deficits and/or experience memory difficulties
7. The assessment of which cognitive domain is less amenable to the integration of technology?
(Miller & Barr, 2017)
a) Verbal fluency
b) Reaction time
c) Episodic memory
d) Visuospatial abilities
8. Which approach uses particular features from brain activity to allow subjects to control their
activity in a conditioning paradigm?
a) Systems using voluntarily generated or modulated brain activity
b) Neurofeedback training
c) Perceptual tasks
d) Higher-level cognitive tasks
9. What type of BCI system is typically time-locked to a stimulus? (van Geerven et al. 2007)
a) Synchronous
b) Asynchronous
c) Neurofeedback
d) Perceptual
10. Which imaging technique has excellent temporal resolution but poor spatial resolution?
a) fMRI
b) EEG
c) NIRS
d) ECoG
11. What statement about near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is NOT true?
a) Its two main advantages are that it’s inexpensive and portable
b) This imaging technique is based on the different resonance properties of oxygenated and
nonoxygenated hemoglobin
c) Temporal and spatial resolution are quite poor
d) It can be used to measure neural activity throughout the brain
, 3
12. Which of the following best describes the concept of a signature in the context of the BCI?
a) A unique identifier used to access a BCI system
b) A genetic marker used to predict BCI performance
c) A specific pattern of brain activity associated with a mental process or state
d) A digital signature required for authentication in BCI applications
13. What distinguishes evoked responses from induced responses in BCI research?
a) Evoked responses are phase-locked to the stimulus onset, while induced responses are not
b) Induced responses are time-locked to an event, while evoked responses are not
c) Evoked responses are related to sensory input, while induced responses are related to
motor output
d) Induced responses are more reliable than evoked responses in BCI applications
14. What is the main limitation of using Slow Cortical Potentials (SCPs) in BCI systems?
a) Low signal-to-noise ratio
b) Rapid modulation of SCPs
c) Lack of operant conditioning capability
d) Limited temporal resolution
15. What does spectral filtering in pre-processing aim to remove?
a) External artifacts
b) Spatial artifacts
c) Noise signals such as slow drift
d) Eye artifacts
16. What is the main problem of classification in BCI systems?
a) Choosing the proper class algorithm
b) Optimal feature selection
c) Using dynamic Bayesian networks
d) Continuous tracking and adapting to the changing user state
17. What is NOT an advantage of technology-based diagnostic tools?
a) Provides more detailed measurements
b) Reduces human error
c) Normative data from traditional tools is directly transferable
d) Mimics real life
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