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APHY 102 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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APHY 102 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS What are the organs of the respiratory system and where are they located? The organs of the respiratory system can be found in the head, neck, and thoracic cavity and include: -Blood vessels of the pulmonary circuit -Rib cage -Respiratory muscles -Lungs ...

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APHY 102 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What are the organs of the respiratory system and where are they located?
The organs of the respiratory system can be found in the head, neck, and thoracic cavity and include:
-Blood vessels of the pulmonary circuit
-Rib cage
-Respiratory muscles
-Lungs
-Respiratory tract


What is the respiratory tract, and where does gas exchange occur within it?
A system of hollow tubes, and gas exchange occurs in the alveoli.


The upper passages are from _________ to ___________.
Nasal cavity to Larynx



The lower passages are from __________ to ____________.
Trachea to Alveoli



What are alveoli?
tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs


What are the lungs?
Spongy organs in the thoracic cavity, that contain alveoli and elastic tissue


What are the differences between conducting zones and respiratory zones?
Respiratory zones contain alveoli and involve gas exchange

Conducting zones are conduits through air travels



What is pulmonary ventilation?
movement of air into and out of the lungs


What is pulmonary gas exchange?
movement of gases between lungs and blood


What is gas transport?
movement of gases through blood


What is tissue gas exchange?
movement of gases between blood and tissues

,There are six (6) other functions of the respiratory system. Know these. Some we have already
discussed.
Speech and Sound

Sense of Smell

Removal of waste and assistance in childbirth by increasing thoracic pressure

Pressure to assist lymph and vein flow

Acid-base homeostasis

Production of enzyme

angiotensin-II (blood pressure and fluid)



What happens to air inhaled through the nose?
Air is warmed and humidified.


Debris is filtered from inhaled air by the?
turbinated/conchae


Antibacterial substances are secreted by ______ and other parts of the immune system.
MALT


Olfactory receptors are located here.
The nose and nasal cavity


Enhanced resonance of voice occurs in the _____ cavity.
Nose and Nasal cavity


Review Figure 21.2 and 21.3 for the anatomy of the nose and nasal cavity and reference the lab list.


Olfactory mucous membranes (roof of nasal cavity):
Associated with the sense of smell.

Bipolar neurons

Cranial Nerve I

Access mucosa through cribriform plate of ethmoid.


The respiratory mucosa is
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells.

Trap debris in the produced mucus.

The cilia move the debris and mucus to where we can sneeze, blow our nose or swallow them.

, The pharynx or throat is our next stop. It is divided into three anatomical divisions: _______________,
__________________ and _______________.
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx


The __________________ extends from the ____________ to the uvula.
Nasopharynx; posterior nares


The ________________ also warms, humidifies and filters the air and contains MALT tissue.
Nasopharnyx


MALT
mucosa associated lymphoid tissue; protects against ingested microbes


The ________________extends from the uvula to the ______________________. What passes
through this area?
Oropharynx; tip of the larynx

Air and food travels through here


The last segment is the __________________. It extends from the hyoid bone to
__________________. What passes through this area?
Laryngopharynx; esophagus

Connects oral cavity to stomach carrying food


So, the pharynx connects the esophagus and the
Larynx


Reference Figure 21.4 and your lab list.


The larynx is also known as your ______ _______.
voice box


The opening between the vocal cords/folds is the
glottis


Function of the epiglottis (made of elastic cartilage)
Elevates larynx during swallowing to prevent food from entering airway


What is the thyroid cartilage known as? It surrounds the vocal cords/folds.
Largest of the unpaired sections
"Adams apple"

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