Anticodon - A specialized base triplet at one end of a tRNA molecule that recognizes a particular
complementary codon on an mRNA molecule.
Bioinformatics - Computational information systems and analytical methods applied to biological
problems such as genomic analysis.
Comparative Genomics - Th...
Biology 205
Anticodon - A specialized base triplet at one end of a tRNA molecule that recognizes a particular
complementary codon on an mRNA molecule.
Bioinformatics - Computational information systems and analytical methods applied to biological
problems such as genomic analysis.
Comparative Genomics - The study of relationships between genomic sequences of multiple
species.
Complementary Bases - Two bases that pair together. A is complementary to T and C is
complementary to G.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid - A chain of linked nucleotides (having deoxyribose as their sugars). Two
such chains in a double helix formation are the fundamental substance of which genes are composed.
Developmental noise - Variation in the outcome of development as a consequence of random
events.
Diploid - A cell having two chromosome sets.
-or-
An organism having 2 Chromosome sets in each of its cells.
Eukaryote - an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane, multiple
chromosomes, and a mitotic cycle; eukaryotes include protists, animals, plants, and fungi but not
archaea or bacteria
, Forward Genetics - Forward genetic analysis begins with the isolation of mutants that show
differences in phenotype for the process of interest. Mutant isolation is followed by defining gene
pathways, cloning the gene, and creating more mutants in order to understand the biological pathway. In
this way, mutants define the normal function of the gene.
Gene - Fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity, which carries information from one
generation to the next.
A segment of DNA composed of a transcribed region and a regulatory region which makes the
transcription possible.
Genetic Polymorphism - Naturally occurring genetic differences between individual members of a
population.
Genetics - The study of genes and inheritance.
Genome - The complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material
in that organism's chromosomes.
Genomics - The cloning and molecular characterization of entire genomes.
Genotype - Specific allele composition of a cell, , the particular alleles at specified loci present in
an organism
Haploid - an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes
Messenger RNA - RNA molecule transcribed from the DNA of a gene; protein is translated from
this RNA molecule by the ribosomes.
Model Organism - A species chosen for use in studies of genetics because it is well suited for the
study of one or more genetic processes.
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