Test bank advanced practice nursing in the care of older adults 3rd edition kennedy-malone
FULL TEST BANK For Advanced Practice Nursing in the Care of Older Adults First Edition by Laurie Kennedy-Malone PhD latest Update Graded A+.
Alles voor dit studieboek (41)
Geschreven voor
Advanced Practice Nursing in the Care of Older Adu
Alle documenten voor dit vak (50)
Verkoper
Volgen
phinta004
Ontvangen beoordelingen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Test Bank: Memmler's The Human Body in Health and
Disease, Enhanced Edition 14th Edition by Cohen - Ch. 1-25,
9781284217964, with Rationales
Cytology - ANSWER: Study of cells
Compound Light Microscope - ANSWER: 1000x Magnification; Usually has 2 lenses & uses visible light
(Most commonly used in labs)
Transmission Electron Microscope - ANSWER: 1,000,000x Magnification; Uses electron beam in place
of visible light
Scanning Electron Microscope - ANSWER: 100,000x Magnification; 3D
Micrometer - ANSWER: 1/1,000 of a millimeter; Abbrev: mcm
Stain - ANSWER: Dye used to aide in viewing cells and tissues taken under a microscope
Plasma Membrane - ANSWER: Outer layer of the cell; Composed mainly of lipids and proteins; Freely
permeable to lipid-soluble substances because they can dissolve in & pass through the lipid bilayer
(Steroid hormones & gases); (FROM H/W: CONTAINS CHOLESTEROL & PHOSPHOLIPIDS)
Microvilli - ANSWER: Found on cells specializing in absorption of materials from EC fluid; Plasma
membrane is folded into multiple small projections that increase the membrane's surface area
allowing for greater absorption (like a sponge)
Channels - ANSWER: Pores in the membrane that allow specific substances to enter or leave
Transporters - ANSWER: Proteins that change shape as they shuttle substances across the membrane
Receptors - ANSWER: Allow for attachment of substances to the membrane
Enzymes - ANSWER: Participate in reactions at the membrane surface
Linkers - ANSWER: Help stabilize the plasma membrane and attach cells together
Organelles - ANSWER: Specialized structures inside the cell that perform different tasks
Nucleus - ANSWER: Largest of the organelles; "Control center" of the cell; Surrounded by the nuclear
membrane; Contains chromosomes (DNA)
Chromosomes - ANSWER: Threadlike structures of heredity; Info from chromosomes govern all
cellular activities; Most of the time, the chromosomes are loosely distributed throughout the nucleus,
except for when the cell is dividing, at which time the chromosomes tighten into their threadlike
forms
Ribosomes - ANSWER: Assemble amino acids into proteins
Cytoplasm - ANSWER: Material that fills the cell between the nuclear & plasma membranes
,Cytosol - ANSWER: Liquid part of the Cytoplasm; A suspension of nutrients, electrolytes, enzymes, and
other specialized materials in water
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER: (ER) Membranous network located between the nuclear
membrane and the plasma membrane
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER: (Rough ER) Roughness due to ribosomes attached to it;
modifies, folds, and sorts PROTEINS; Cells that secrete proteins have lots of this; (FROM H/W:
MODIFIES PREVIOUSLY SYNTHESIZED PROTEINS)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER: Participates in lipid synthesis; Cells producing lipids have
lots of this
Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER: Stack of membranous sacs; PACKAGES PROTEINS; Cells that secrete
proteins have a prominent Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondria - ANSWER: Large & bean shaped w/ internal folded membranes; PRODUCE ATP
Lysosomes - ANSWER: Small sacs of digestive enzymes; REMOVES or DEGRADES WASTE & FOREIGN
MATERIALS FROM CELL
Peroxisomes - ANSWER: Destroy harmful substances produced in metabolism
Vesicles - ANSWER: Small, membrane-bound sacs in the cytoplasm; Store materials & move materials
into or out of the cell in bulk
Centrioles - ANSWER: Rod-shaped, near nucleus; Help separate chromosomes during cell division
Cilia - ANSWER: Short, hairlike projections from the cell; Move fluids around the cell
Flagellum - ANSWER: Long, whiplike extension from the cell; Moves the cell (Only found on sperm
cells)
Semipermeable - ANSWER: The plasma membrane is permeable, or passable, to some molecules but
impermeable, or impassable, to others
Passive Movement - ANSWER: Movement through the plasma membrane that does not directly
require energy output by the cell; Depend on gradients
Gradients - ANSWER: Differences in a particular quality between two regions (EX: a sled moves freely
down an altitude gradient from a higher altitude to a lower altitude); In the body, many substances
move because of concentration gradients but some also use pressure gradients
Diffusion - ANSWER: The net movement of particles from a region of relatively higher concentration
to one of lower concentration (Diffusing substances spread throughout a space until concentration is
even); DOES NOT REQUIRE ATP; Particles follow or MOVE DOWN their CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
from higher concentration to lower concentration; Lipid-soluble substances diffuse freely across the
plasma membrane when a concentration gradient exists while Water-soluble substances require an
ion channel or transporter protein for diffusion (EX: Glucose)
Osmosis - ANSWER: Diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane; water moves rapidly
through the plasma membrane of most cells with the help of AQUAPORINS
, Isotonic Solution - ANSWER: Contains the same concentration of dissolved substances (solutes) as the
cytoplasm of the cell (EX: IV Fluids: 0.9% Salt or normal saline, 5% dextrose aka glucose)
Hypotonic Solution - ANSWER: Less concentrated (Contains less dissolved substances & more water)
than the cytoplasm; Cells placed in this solution will draw in water, swell, and often burst; (Less than
0.9% salt or 5% dextrose)
Hypertonic Solution - ANSWER: More concentrated (Contains more dissolved substances & less
water) than the cytoplasm; Cells placed in this solution will lose water to the surrounding fluids &
shrink (Higher than 0.9% salt or 5% dextrose)
Hemolysis - ANSWER: When a red blood cell draws in water, swells, and bursts; Occurs in hypotonic
solutions (hem/o means "blood")
Crenation - ANSWER: When a cell loses water & shrinks; Occurs in hypertonic solutions
"Water follows salt" - ANSWER: You can figure out which direction water will move through the
plasma membrane if you remember this saying. In this saying, "Salt" refers to any dissolved material
or 'solute.'
Filtration - ANSWER: The passage of water and dissolved materials through a membrane down a
PRESSURE gradient from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure (EX: coffee filter)
Active Transport - ANSWER: The movement of solutes AGAINST the CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
using membrane transporters. (Requires ATP)
Bulk Transport - ANSWER: Uses vesicles & ATP to move large amounts of substances (Endocytosis &
exocytosis)
Endocytosis - ANSWER: Bulk movement of materials INTO the CELL (Phagocytosis & Pinocytosis)
Phagocytosis - ANSWER: Large particles are engulfed by the plasma membrane and moved into the
cell; PHAG/O MEANS "TO EAT"
Pinocytosis - ANSWER: DROPLETS of FLUID are engulfed by the plasma membrane; PINOCYTOSIS
MEANS "CELL DRINKING"
Exocytosis - ANSWER: Cell moves materials OUT in vesicles
Genes - ANSWER: Carry messages for development of particular inherited characteristics
DNA - ANSWER: Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Composed of sub-units called Nucleotides; Double-stranded
helix (A,T,G,C)
RNA - ANSWER: Ribonucleic Acid; Participates in protein synthesis but is NOT part of the DNA
(A,C,G,U)
Transcription - ANSWER: Info from DNA is copied to RNA inside nucleus; (FROM H/W: RNA SYNTHESIS;
also stated it as ASSEMBLY OF RNA STRAND)
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - ANSWER: Carries DNA info from nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) - ANSWER: Compose ribosomes along w/ proteins
Translation - ANSWER: Info retrieved from the mRNA is decoded to assemble amino acids into the
long chains that form proteins (FROM H/W: AMINO ACIDS ASSEMBLED INTO PROTEINS)
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
√ Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, Bancontact of creditcard voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper phinta004. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €17,66. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
