Philosophy Final- Straighterline
Questions and Answers | Latest Update |
2024/2025 | 100% Verified
What is the significance of Plato’s Allegory of the Cave in understanding the concept of reality
and knowledge?
Plato’s Allegory of the Cave illustrates the difference between the worl...
Philosophy Final- Straighterline
Questions and Answers | Latest Update |
2024/2025 | 100% Verified
What is the significance of Plato’s Allegory of the Cave in understanding the concept of reality
and knowledge?
✔✔ Plato’s Allegory of the Cave illustrates the difference between the world of appearances and
the world of reality, suggesting that true knowledge is gained through philosophical reasoning
rather than sensory experience.
How does Aristotle's concept of virtue ethics define the 'good life'?
✔✔ Aristotle's virtue ethics defines the 'good life' as one lived in accordance with virtue, where
happiness (eudaimonia) is achieved through the cultivation of moral and intellectual virtues.
What is the 'social contract' theory, and how do philosophers like Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau
interpret it differently?
✔✔ The 'social contract' theory is the idea that individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly,
to form a society and accept certain rules for mutual benefit. Hobbes views it as a way to avoid
the chaos of the state of nature, Locke sees it as a means to protect natural rights, and Rousseau
considers it a way to achieve collective freedom and equality.
1
,How does Descartes’ method of doubt lead to the conclusion "Cogito, ergo sum"?
✔✔ Descartes' method of doubt involves systematically doubting all beliefs to find an
indubitable foundation of knowledge, leading him to conclude "Cogito, ergo sum" ("I think,
therefore I am") as the first principle that cannot be doubted.
What is the problem of evil, and how do philosophers attempt to reconcile it with the existence
of an omnipotent, omnibenevolent God?
✔✔ The problem of evil questions how an all-powerful, all-good God can allow the existence of
evil. Philosophers address this through various theodicies, such as free will defense or the idea
that evil is necessary for the greater good.
What is the significance of Nietzsche’s concept of the "Übermensch" in his philosophy?
✔✔ Nietzsche's concept of the "Übermensch" represents an individual who creates their own
values and lives beyond traditional moral constraints, embodying the ideal of self-overcoming
and the affirmation of life.
How does the philosophy of pragmatism, as developed by thinkers like William James, approach
the concept of truth?
2
, ✔✔ Pragmatism views truth as what is useful and practical, emphasizing that beliefs are true if
they lead to successful action or satisfactory results, rather than conforming to an objective
reality.
What role does skepticism play in philosophy, and how did it influence thinkers like David
Hume?
✔✔ Skepticism questions the possibility of certain knowledge, leading philosophers like David
Hume to challenge assumptions about causality, the self, and empirical knowledge, ultimately
advocating for a more cautious and critical approach to belief.
What is the cause of change for Empedocles? ✔✔Love and strife.
Three of Plato's more enlightening and well-known dialogs are: ✔✔Apology, Republic and
Meno
What is a syllogism? ✔✔A kind of inference
What did Aristotle say about all change? ✔✔It is a movement from potentiality to actuality
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