NUTR 455, Final exam || with 100% Correct Answers.
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NUTR 455
When water-soluble vitamins are consumed in excess of body needs, generally the excess is:
a. excreted in the feces.
b. stored in liver, bone, and adipose tissue.
c. excreted in the urine.
d. not absorbed. correct answers C
A major function of B vitamins is to serve as:
a. antibodies.
b. a...
when water soluble vitamins are consumed in excess
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NUTR 455, Final exam || with 100% Correct Answers.
When water-soluble vitamins are consumed in excess of body needs, generally the excess is:
a. excreted in the feces.
b. stored in liver, bone, and adipose tissue.
c. excreted in the urine.
d. not absorbed. correct answers C
A major function of B vitamins is to serve as:
a. antibodies.
b. a source of energy.
c. a part of a coenzyme.
d. electrolytes. correct answers C
Most animals synthesize their own ascorbic acid from _____.
a. glucose
b. glutamine
c. glycogen
d. alanine correct answers A
When ascorbic acid becomes dehydroascorbic acid it has _____.
a. lost 2 electrons
b. lost 1 electron
c. gained 2 electrons
d. gained 1 electron correct answers A
Vitamin C acts as a cofactor by maintaining iron in a reduced state in:
a. collagen synthesis.
b. methylation of homocysteine.
c. release of energy from nutrients.
d. red blood cell synthesis. correct answers A
Although excess absorbed ascorbic acid is excreted in urine, the body has an estimated maximal
body pool of about _____, which can be maintained with intakes of 100-200 mg vitamin C per
day.
a. 500 mg
b. 1000 mg
c. 1500 mg
d. 2000 mg correct answers D
Which water-soluble vitamin contributes to "intracellular cement" in the formation of scar tissue
and wound healing?
a. thiamin
b. riboflavin
c. vitamin C
d. vitamin B12 correct answers C
,Which of the following molecules synthesized with the help of vitamin C underscores the
importance of vitamin C to fat metabolism?
a. carnitine
b. collagen
c. tyrosine
d. norepinephrine correct answers A
Ascorbic acid provides a reducing equivalent so that iron is in the _____ form in lysyl
hydroxylase.
a. ferric
b. ferrous correct answers B
Without enough vitamin C, collagen would _____.
a. be too tightly coiled
b. be over-hydroxylated
c. be under-hydroxylated
d. too strong and less flexible correct answers C
A primary function of vitamin C is to act as an:
a. antiviral agent.
b. antioxidant.
c. antirachitic agent.
d. acyl transferase. correct answers B
Vitamin C's actual participation in biochemical reactions usually involves its antioxidant ability.
Choose the description of this activity.
a. Donates an electron or electrons to oxidize a mineral cofactor
b. Accepts an electron or electrons to reduce a mineral cofactor
c. Donates an electron or electrons to reduce a mineral cofactor
d. Accepts an electron from the quinone form of vitamin E correct answers C
The necessity of ascorbic acid for its role in _____ is believed to be the reason that people with
scurvy have no energy and are very tired.
a. collagen synthesis
b. creatine synthesis
c. hormone activation
d. carnitine synthesis correct answers D
The RDA for vitamin C for adult men is _____ and the UL is _____.
a. 75 mg, 500 mg
b. 100 mg, 500 mg
c. 90 mg, 2000 mg
d. 200 mg, 2000 mg correct answers C
Ascorbic acid may act as a pro-oxidant by:
,a. reducing ferrous iron.
b. mobilizing ferric iron from storage.
c. reacting with transferrin-bound iron.
d. reducing dehydroascorbic acid. correct answers B
A major role for thiamin is:
a. energy transformation.
b. blood coagulation.
c. collagen formation.
d. erythrocyte synthesis. correct answers A
Thiamin is important to fatty acid synthesis due to its requirement as a coenzyme for the pentose
phosphate pathway enzyme _____.
a. dopamine monooxygenase
b. transketolase
c. alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
d. phenylalanine hydroxylase correct answers B
A consequence of thiamin deficiency is:
a. pellagra.
b. megaloblastic anemia.
c. beriberi.
d. rickets. correct answers C
Erythrocyte transketolase activity is an assay to assess the status of:
a. thiamin.
b. B6.
c. riboflavin.
d. B12. correct answers A
The most common tests of thiamin status include all the following EXCEPT:
a. static tests of urinary thiamin metabolites.
b. a static test of serum thiamin.
c. an in vitro functional test of RBC enzyme.
d. in vivo functional tests. correct answers D
Riboflavin coenzymes remain bound to their enzymes during the oxidation-reduction reactions
and the complexes are called _____.
a. apoenzymes
b. flavokinases
c. bound enzymes
d. flavoproteins correct answers D
Cheilosis is a symptom of a dietary deficiency of which vitamin?
a. niacin
b. ascorbic acid
, c. riboflavin
d. biotin correct answers C
When the diet is adequate in protein, the body can synthesize niacin from which amino acid?
a. phenylalanine
b. valine
c. tyrosine
d. tryptophan correct answers D
Which vitamin has a reduced coenzyme form important for fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis
that is a product of the pentose phosphate pathway?
a. niacin
b. thiamin
c. riboflavin
d. vitamin C correct answers A
Which classical vitamin deficiency is known for the four Ds: dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, and
death?
a. thiamin
b. niacin
c. biotin
d. folic acid correct answers B
Which of the water-soluble vitamins is found widely distributed in all plant and animal foods,
which makes a deficiency unlikely?
a. riboflavin
b. folic acid
c. pantothenic acid
d. pyridoxine correct answers C
Synthesis of coenzyme A starts with the phosphorylation of which vitamin?
a. pyridoxal phosphate
b. pantothenic acid
c. vitamin E
d. folic acid correct answers B
Which three vitamins are involved in the synthesis of fatty acids?
a. biotin, vitamin D, thiamin
b. thiamin, riboflavin, niacin
c. niacin, biotin, pantothenic acid
d. riboflavin, B12, folate correct answers C
Biotin must be covalently bound to each of four different enzymes in order for them to carry out
_____.
a. decarboxylations
b. oxidation-reduction reactions
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