Burton-s Microbiology Chapter 7, Microbial Physiology and Genetics exam with complete solutions
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Microbiology
What is physiology
study of the vital life processes of organisms.
What is Microbial physiology
It concerns the vital life processes of microorganisms.
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Burton's Microbiology Chapter 7,
Microbial Physiology and Genetics exam
with complete solutions
What is physiology - ANSWER-study of the vital life processes of organisms.
What is Microbial physiology - ANSWER-It concerns the vital life processes of
microorganisms.
How do scientists learn about human cells? - ANSWER-By studying the nutritional
needs of bacteria, their metabolic pathways, and way they live, grow, multiply, or die
under certain conditions.
What kind of microorganisms are used extensively in genetic study and why? -
ANSWER-Bacteria, fungi, and viruses because they produce generation after
generation so rapidly.
Define protoplasm - ANSWER-the colorless material comprising the living part of a cell,
including the cytoplasm, nucleus, and other organelles.
Name 6 major elements which all living protoplasm contain? - ANSWER-carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur.
What makes up vital macromolecules of life - ANSWER-carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
What are essential nutrients - ANSWER-Materials that organisms are unable to
synthesize, but are required for building macromolecules and sustaining life
E.g., of some essential nutrients - ANSWER-certain essential amino acids and essential
fatty acids
, What is the source of energy for Phototrophs - ANSWER-Phototrophs use light as an
energy source.
What is the source of energy for chemotrophs - ANSWER-Chemotrophs use either
inorganic or organic chemicals as an energy source
Difference b/w Chemolithotrophs & Chemoorganotrophs - ANSWER-Chemolithotrophs
use inorganic chemicals as an energy source.
Chemoorganotrophs use organic chemicals as an energy source.
What is the source of carbon for Autotrophs - ANSWER-CO2
What are autotrophs - ANSWER-Microorganisms whose sole source of carbon is CO2
What is the source of carbon for Heterotrophs - ANSWER-Heterotrophs use organic
compounds other than CO2 as carbon sources.
What are Heterotrophs - ANSWER-The Microorganisms that use organic compounds
other than CO2 as carbon sources.
What are Photoautotrophs - ANSWER-uses light as their source of energy
&
CO2 as their source of carbon
What are Chemoautotrophs - ANSWER-use either inorganic or organic chemicals as an
energy source
&
CO2 for their carbon source
What are Chemoheterotrophs - ANSWER-use either inorganic or organic chemicals as
an energy source
&
use organic compounds other than CO2 as carbon sources.
What is ecology - ANSWER-study of the interactions between living organisms and the
world around them
What is an ecosystem - ANSWER-Ecosystem refers to the interactions between living
organisms and their nonliving environment.
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