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Marine Science 101 Final Exam Questions and Answers (Graded A)
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Marine Science 101 Final Exam Questions and Answers
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Marine Science 101 Final ExamQuestions and Answers
A storm blows over the open ocean. Which factor does
not influence the eventual amplitude of the waves the storm generates?
A) duration of wind
B) water depth
C) the distance over which wind blows (fetch)
D) wind speed - Answer -B) water depth
What do wave orbitals represent in a sketch of a wave? - Answer -the movement of
individual water particles over one wave period
The speed at which individual crests travel is called the - Answer -celerity
The speed of a shallow water wave increases with the - Answer -water depth
As a wave begins to feel the bottom near a shoreline, its wave height - Answer -
increases and wavelength decreases
A tsunami may result from - Answer -tectonic activity on the seafloor
The speed of a wave is equal to - Answer -wavelength divided by period
The most important restoring force for larger ocean wind waves is - Answer -gravity
Wave dispersion is caused by - Answer -waves of different wavelengths moving at
different speeds
Wave refraction tends to concentrate the energy of waves - Answer -on headlands that
extend out into the water
internal waves typically have heights that are far greater than surface waves because -
Answer -the density difference across a pycnocline is much smaller than the density
difference between air and water
True or False. Most tsunamis are shallow water waves - Answer -True
, Which side of the barrier island contains the oldest peat deposits? - Answer -the ocean
side
What is the current rate of global sea level rise? - Answer -2-3mm per year
Deltas occur where the rate of sediment deposition from rivers discharging into the
ocean _______ the rate of sea level rise - Answer -is greater than
Deltas with smooth triangular shapes (e.g., the Nile) are dominated by _______ and
deltas with a branching "bird's foot" structure (e.g., the Mississippi) are dominated by
______. - Answer -waves; river deposition
A river plume is a formed in a ___________ estuary when river flow is very _______ -
Answer -salt wedge; high
Fjords are a type of estuary that are extremely ________ and have been formed
_________. - Answer -deep; in glacial valleys that flooded after ice retreated
A shallow, wide estuary formed where sediment deposition has been much slower than
rising sea level is called a ____________. An example is the __________ - Answer -
drowned river valley; Chesapeake Bay
An estuary formed by the faulting of rocks creating a depression into which a river flows
is called a __________. An example is __________ - Answer -tectonic estuary; San
Francisco Bay
True or False. There is higher primary productivity at the poles than in the tropics -
Answer -true
Sunlight limits productivity during - Answer -winter
Primary productivity is greatest in - Answer -spring/fall
What is the biological pump pumping? - Answer -carbon
The typical depth of the euphotic zone in the deep ocean is - Answer -100 m
The euphotic zone is reduced in coastal waters because of
(a) high nutrient runoff and eutrophication
(b) high suspended sediment concentration
(c) fresher water
(d) (a) and (b)
(e) (a), (b), and (c) - Answer -(d) (a) and (b)
During primary production - Answer -carbon dioxide in the water is converted to organic
carbon
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