may be just a broad, gentle swelling out at sea but grows as it approaches shore.
(Tsunamis are caused by volcanic or seismic activity or by undersea landslides, can be up to 30 meters high, and can be cross entire ocean basins.) - Answer-A tsunami...
a) is a special kind of tidal wave caused...
geology exam 2 questions with correct answers 2024
may be just a broad gentle swelling out at sea bu
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Geology Exam 2 Questions with Correct
Answers 2024-2025
may be just a broad, gentle swelling out at sea but grows as it approaches shore.
(Tsunamis are caused by volcanic or seismic activity or by undersea landslides, can be
up to 30 meters high, and can be cross entire ocean basins.) - Answer-A tsunami...
a) is a special kind of tidal wave caused by the gravitational attraction of the Sun not the
Moon.
b) can get big but never bigger than 30 feet high.
c) is dangerous near its source but dies out within about 200 miles.
d) may be just a broad, gentle swelling out at sea but grows as it approaches shore.
more earthquakes happen along plate boundaries than happen at intraplate locations.
(Earthquakes can occur outside of seismic belts, though they are rare. Accurate short-
term predictions are rare and are not based on recurrence intervals, which refer to the
average time between successive quakes on a fault. Swarms may precede major
earthquakes, not before.) - Answer-Earthquake prediction is not highly reliable, but
geologists do know
a) that earthquakes never happen outside of seismic belts.
b) that recurrence intervals can provide accurate short-term predictions.
c) that swarms always precede major earthquakes and can help with short term
prediction.
d) more earthquakes happen along plate boundaries than happen at intraplate
locations.
350 miles
(The point at which the seismic trace (or seismogram) intersects the horizontal axis
marks the distance from the epicenter—350 miles.) - Answer-Interpret the travel-time
curve shown. How far away is the earthquake epicenter?
a) 200 miles
b) 900 miles
,c) 350 miles
d) 100 miles
510 years.
(The recurrence interval is the average spacing between events. Calculating the
difference in ages between each disrupted layer and averaging those values gives a
recurrence interval of 510 years. [(820 - 260) + (1200 - 820) + (2100 - 1200) + (2300 -
2100)] / 4 = (560 + 380 + 900 + 200) / 4 = 2040/4 = 510) - Answer-Examining
sedimentary bedding in a geologic study reveals disrupted layers formed 260, 820,
1,200, 2,100, and 2,300 years ago. What is the recurrence interval of the earthquakes
that caused the disruption?
a) 200 years
b) 380 years
c) 510 years
d) 560 years
is the force that resists sliding along a surface.
(Friction, caused by bumps and snags along rock surfaces, is the force that resists
sliding.) - Answer-Friction
a) is slow but steady movement along a fault.
b) is the force that resists sliding along a surface.
c) is the process by which faults release energy.
d) happens when rock is weak and can slip smoothly, without creating shock waves.
Earthquakes never have hypocenters (foci) deeper than about 100 km (60 miles).
(Hypocenters can be as deep as 660 km (about 400 miles).) - Answer-Identify the
FALSE statement.
a) Seismic waves become smaller in amplitude with increasing distance from the
epicenter.
b) Earthquake magnitude is based on ground motion recorded by a seismograph;
intensity is based on the amount of damage produced.
,c) Contour lines representing Mercalli values are used to delimit zones of quake
intensity; the greater the quake, the higher the intensity values and the wider the zones.
d) Earthquakes never have hypocenters (foci) deeper than about 100 km (60 miles).
are based on the identification of seismic zones.
are based on the study of historic recurrence intervals.
involve looking for sand volcanoes and disrupted bedding in the area.
FALSE: are unreliable and do not provide useful information.
(Long-term predictions range from a few decades to centuries.) - Answer-Long-term
earthquake predictions
a) are unreliable and do not provide useful information.
b) are based on the identification of seismic zones.
c) are based on the study of historic recurrence intervals.
d) involve looking for sand volcanoes and disrupted bedding in the area.
may be the mechanical type, consisting of a weight, spring, frame, pen, and revolving
cylinder.
may be electronic, consisting of a heavy cylindrical magnet and a coil of wire which
produces a signal that can be recorded digitally.
operate because of inertia; one part of the instrument remains motionless while the
recording device moves in response to seismic waves
FALSE: are only sensitive enough to record ground movements down to about 1mm.
(A seismograph can detect ground motion down to a mere millionth of a millimeter.) -
Answer-Seismometers
a) may be the mechanical type, consisting of a weight, spring, frame, pen, and revolving
cylinder.
b) may be electronic, consisting of a heavy cylindrical magnet and a coil of wire which
produces a signal that can be recorded digitally.
c) are only sensitive enough to record ground movements down to about 1 mm.
, d) operate because of inertia; one part of the instrument remains motionless while the
recording device moves in response to seismic waves.
measures the amplitude of the largest deflection on a seismogram in response to
specifically defined seismic waves at a specifically defined distance and depth.
is today termed a local magnitude reading (ML).
works well only for shallow, nearby earthquakes.
FALSE: measures the size of a quake in terms of the damage it does (its intensity).
(The Richter scale measures quake size in terms of the ground motion it generates (its
magnitude). The Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale measures the size of an
earthquake in terms of the damage it does (its intensity).) - Answer-The Richter scale
a) measures the size of a quake in terms of the damage it does (its intensity).
b) measures the amplitude of the largest deflection on a seismogram in response to
specifically defined seismic waves at a specifically defined distance and depth.
c) is today termed a local magnitude reading (ML).
d) works well only for shallow, nearby earthquakes.
involved a monstrous magnitude 9.3 earthquake that lasted 9 minutes.
was first noticed as a withdrawal of the sea along the beach front.
consisted of near-field tsunamis that affected the island of Sumatra and later far-field
tsunamis that struck all along the Indian Ocean coast.
FALSE: crippled a nuclear power plant, and released radioactivity into the surrounding
environment.
(The earthquake and resulting tsunami that devastated a nuclear power plant occurred
in 2011 in Japan, not in Indonesia in 2004.) - Answer-The tsunami event of December
26, 2004, in Indonesia
a) involved a monstrous magnitude 9.3 earthquake that lasted 9 minutes.
b) was first noticed as a withdrawal of the sea along the beach front.
c) consisted of near-field tsunamis that affected the island of Sumatra and later far-field
tsunamis that struck all along the Indian Ocean coast.
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